基于分形方法的旅游景区(点)系统等级结构研究——以南京市旅游景区(点)系统为例

以南京市旅游景区(点)系统为例,提出了对旅游景区(点)系统的等级结构进行了分形研究的基本方法。认为可以把景区(点)系统中各景点的旅游吸引力评分值当作一个离散型集合,通过计算它们的信息分维值来反映系统等级结构分布的变化性,计算出Zipf维数和分维值来反映系统等级结构分布的模式。在旅游景区(点)定量评价的基础上,根据旅游联系性把南京市旅游景区(点)系统分为三个景点体系,测算各景点体系信息维数值、Zipf维数值,对各种分维数值和分维数坐标图进行比较和分析,认为南京市旅游景点体系等级结构具有较好的分形特征,但具体到内部有一定的差异,并对景点体系等级结构的优化的方法和途径进行了分析。

Fractal Study on Hierarchical Structure of Tourist Scenic Spot System--A Case Study of Nanjing

This paper makes a fractal study on hierarchical structure of tourist scenic spot system in Nanjing,in that,the author has put forward the basic methods of Fractal Geometry and Fractal Informatics to study the hierarchical structure of these multi-level complicated systems.The authors make the values of all scenic spots on the tourist attraction in the scenic spot system as a discrete set,and analyses the character of distributing change on hierarchical structure of tourist scenic spot system by calculating the value of information fractal dimension,and reseaches the distributing model on hierarchical structure by calculating the value of Zipf dimension of it.According as the National Standard,the author makes the hierarchical evaluation to tourist scenic spot.The tourist scenic spot system is in chaos,and their evolutive tendency is some kind of strange attractor which behaves non-integer dimension and infinite nested self-similarity structure,so that it is optimal choose for applying the fractal methods to study structure of tourist attractions systems.The fractals behaves non-scaling and self-organization with natural optimized structure.And because the fractals behaves non-scaling,some kinds of fractal dimensions are characteristic parameters to measure the fractal.Tourist scenic spot systemy structure are in possession of fractal character,so that it is feasible that the authors apply the fractal methods to studing the structure of tourist scenic spot system.The author divides the tourist scenic spots systems of Nanjing into three sub-systems by judging their tourist contact and their administrative subjection,known as the north system,the south system and the middle system.On the base of the hierarchical evaluation to tourist scenic spots,the author has measured the value of fractal dimension of each tourist scenic spot system,and has draw out charts of fractal dimension of the hierarchical structure of tourist scenic spot system in Nanjing,and has them analyzed and compared.Then,the authors have educed that the hierarchical structure of tourist scenic spot system in Nanjing has behaved obvious fractal character,moreover,the hierarchical structure has showed a self-organization optimized evolutive tendency,but there is difference among tourist scenic spot system.Finally,the author has given some primary advices of adjusting the hierarchical structure.