跨国公司在中国研发投资的区位因素重构——决定目的城市以点带面能力的网络位置视角

针对对东道国的国际研发投资不能再无限二次分割的困境，将决定东道国目的城市以点带面能力的网络位置因素，纳入到了影响跨国公司国际研发投资一国区位决定的因素框架体系。实证研究发现，传统立足单一区域视角提出的供求因素如外商直接投资（FDI）、研发投入等未能很好反映跨国公司国际研发投资在中国的区位选择格局。跨国公司国际研发投资在中国的区位选择，不是由中国目的城市某孤立“点”上的因素决定，而是由目的城市可带动的“面”上因素决定。对跨国公司国际研发投资在中国的区位决定研究，因此不能再基于传统的“点”对“点”的视角。北京、上海等在中国国际研发投资中占据的绝对主导位置主要与它们在中国城市交通、创新等网络中所处的绝对核心位置有关。这些发现有助于跨国公司国际研发投资区位决定，并对中国的引资政策制定有一定的启示意义。

Reconstruction of Location Decisive Factors to Multinational Enterprises' In-ternational R&D Investment in China:The Perspective of Network Location Determining the Ability of Destination City from Point to Area

In the face of the dilemma that international R & D investment in the host country can no longer be infinitely divided, this paper incorporates the network location factors that determine the capacity of host country’s destination cities from point to into the framework of factors that affect the location determination of multinational corporations’ international R & D investment in a country. The empirical study finds that the traditional supply and demand factors based on a single regional perspective, such as FDI and R & D investment, can not well reflect the location selection pattern of multinational companies’ international R & D investment in China. The location choice of multinational R & D investment in China is not determined by an isolated ‘point’ factor in China’s destination city, but by the ‘surface’ factor that can be driven by the destination city. Therefore, the research on the location determination of international R & D investment in China can no longer be based on the traditional ‘point’ to ‘point’ perspective. The absolute dominant position of Beijing and Shanghai in China’s international R & D investment is mainly related to their absolute core position in China’s urban transportation, innovation and other networks. These findings contribute to the literature of location determination of international R & D investment of MNCs, and even to the study of location determination in a broader sense. Meanwhile, these findings have some certain significance on China’s investment policy.