基于路网形态的上海住宿业空间布局特征

采用中心性模型、空间自相关理论、核密度法等，从城市路网形态角度分析上海市住宿业的空间格局特征及其与路网结构的空间响应关系。结果发现，上海市住宿业分布具有空间集聚性、类型分异性和距离衰减性，集聚核心与路网节点密度核心一致，主要围绕中心城区形成一级集聚核，星级酒店集聚分布在中心城区，经济型酒店和旅馆在一级集聚核外形成多个散状集聚核心，旅馆集聚依附性较为明显，民宿集聚度最高。不同类型的住宿设施分布存在较显著的空间相关性，对路网依赖性具有多元性，受路网影响的程度不同，道路连接值较高的区域交通可达性较好，住宿设施密度也相应较高。经济型酒店受到城市路网相对可达性和直线型交通效率的依赖最大，旅馆和民宿对于路网节点间通达性的依赖相对较大。住宿业发展要在产品偏好设计的前提下兼顾城市路网结构和消费需求进行合理选址，以实现综合效益最大化。

Spatial Layout Characteristics of Shanghai Accommodation Industry Based on Network Form

As an important part of urban recreation space, the layout of accommodation industry plays an important role in capacity, activating commercial service vitality and even expanding urban functional areas. In this article, the central model, the theory of spatial autocorrelation and the nuclear density method are used to analyze the spatial pattern characteristics of Shanghai’s accommodation industry and its spatial response relationship with the road network structure from the angle of urban road network form. Results show that the Shanghai accommodation industry has spatial agglomeration, type differentiation and distance attenuation, the agglomeration core is consistent with the network node density core, mainly around the central urban area to form a primary agglomeration core, star hotel agglomeration distribution in the central urban area, economic hotels and inns outside the primary agglomeration core to form a number of scattered agglomeration core, hotel agglomeration attachment is more obvious, homestay agglomeration degree is the highest. There is a significant spatial correlation between the distribution of different types of accommodation facilities, the dependence on the road network is pluralistic, the degree of influence by the road network is different, the regional traffic accessibility with higher road connection value is better, and the density of accommodation facilities is also higher. Economic hotels are most dependent on the relative accessibility of urban road network and linear traffic efficiency, and inns and homestay depend on the accessibility between road network nodes. The development of accommodation industry should take into account the urban road network structure and consumer demand for reasonable site selection under the premise of product preference design, so as to achieve the maximum comprehensive benefit.