从"四地"期刊载文审视中国农业与乡村地理学研究发展特征

基于中国学术期刊出版总库所提供的《地理学报》《地理科学》《地理研究》《地理科学进展》（简称“四地”期刊）创刊以来至2020年12月间的农业与乡村地理学论文数据，采用Citespace可视化科学文献计量方法，对566篇文献的主题、引文和关键词等特征进行可视化分析。系统梳理了农业与乡村地理学术论文所反映的主题脉络、知识演进、历史热点、研究机构发展和发文作者分析。这些分析充分体现出了中国农业与乡村地理学研究的发展历程、目前的主要研究议题与未来的发展趋势。研究结果显示，农业地理、聚落与古村落、土地利用及其发展模式、乡村居民点及其空间格局、城乡一体化、新农村建设、乡村重构、乡村振兴和城乡融合发展等主要研究议题是不同时期的研究聚焦点。从研究热度看大致经历了由以农业地理研究为主，转向农业地理与乡村聚落地理并驾齐驱，再到城乡融合与乡村振兴研究3个阶段。其研究发展过程呈现出3大转向：① 由单一的农业地理和乡村聚落地理转向综合的农业与乡村地理学研究；② 从单一的农业生产要素、社会经济要素格局研究转向区域城乡人地系统融合的过程、机制和影响研究；③ 由传统的调研统计、田野观测、数字模拟技术方法转向大数据、多源时空监测模拟和农业地理工程实践。乡村转型-城乡融合-乡村振兴-高质量发展将成为未来城乡发展的大逻辑、新常态，也是未来农业与乡村地理学研究的重点和方向。主要研究议题方面有乡村地域类型、乡村功能转型、乡村空间重构、乡村聚落重构、乡村人居环境质量、乡村发展的新因素及其作用机制、乡村弹性与可持续性发展、乡村产业结构调整与升级、城乡基础设施与服务统筹规划建设等。学科发展应注重综合研究，深化对农业与乡村发展新驱动力的认识，切实加强乡村地理学研究的理论与方法创新，借以更好地服务于国家乡村振兴战略。

Characteristics of Research in Agricultural and Rural Geography in China:Review from Papers in Four Geographical Periodicals

Supported by China Academic Journal Network Publishing Databas, this study collected 566 articles fromActa Geographica Sinica,Geographical Research, Scientia Geographica SinicaandProgressinGeography (four geography periodicals for short) of CNKI. The selected articles were all related to agricultural geography, and their publication dates covered from the establishment of the four geography periodicals to December 2020. Taking the 566 articles as the analysis object and using bibliometrics and literature summarization methods assisted by Citespace, this study identified the topic context, knowledge evolution, historical hotspots, development of research, institutions, and authors. The analyses reflected that the past development history, the current main research topics, and the future development trend of agricultural and rural geography in China. The results showed that agricultural geography, settlements and ancient villages, land use and development patterns, rural settlements and its spatial pattern, urban-rural integration, new rural construction, rural restructuring, rural revitalization, and urban-rural integration all played important leading roles in different periods. Although the research on these topics has been flourishing for a long time. However, it has experienced 3 stages: the agricultural geography stage, the agricultural geography and settlement geography stage, and the urban-rural integration and rural revitalization stage. The process has presented four major transformations. First, research perspective modified from single agricultural geography and rural settlements to integrated agricultural and rural geography. Second, research content transformed from agricultural and social elements to the process, mechanism, and influence of regional urban-rural integration. Third, research methods and techniques changed from survey statistics, the field observation and digital simulation to big data, multi-source spatiotemporal monitoring simulation and agricultural geoengineering practice. The path from rural transformation, urban-rural integration, rural revitalization, to rural high-quality development will become the general logic and new normal of future urban-rural development. It will be the focus and direction of agricultural and rural geography research in the future. The main research topics include rural areal types, rural functional transformation, rural spatial restructuring, rural settlements reconstruction, rural human settlements quality, new factors and mechanisms of rural development, rural elasticity and sustainable development, and rural industrial structure adjustment and upgrading, overall planning and construction of urban-rural infrastructure and services, and so on. To serve national rural revitalization strategy better, the comprehensive research should be emphasized in disciplinary development, the understanding of the new driving forces of agriculture-rural development should be deepened, and the theoretical and methodological innovation of rural geography research should be effectively strengthen.