基于POI数据的山西省旅游景区分类及空间分布特征

运用大数据与传统地理信息系统相结合的方式，以山西旅游景区POI(Point of Interest)数据为研究对象，对其进行分类后，研究其总体空间分布格局、分布方向以及具体地市空间分布特征。结果表明：山西旅游景区总体分布格局呈现晋中地区集聚特征，具体各类旅游景区的集聚形态与程度有所差异。其中，地文景观类旅游景区集聚于晋中、晋东南和晋北东部地区；水域风光类旅游景区以晋中、晋南和晋北东部地区为轴呈条带状分布；生物景观类旅游景区在空间上呈“菱形”状集聚形态；遗址遗迹类旅游景区集聚于晋北和晋东南地区；建筑与设施类旅游景区呈“三角形”状集聚特征；娱乐购物类旅游景区在全省范围内分布较为均匀。旅游景区空间分布方向与山西省区域形状吻合，除娱乐购物类旅游景区分布方向性和向心性不明显之外，其他类别旅游景区均有不同程度的集聚特征；各地市旅游景区分布情况中，水域风光类旅游景区在各市域间分布较为均匀，地文景观类和建筑设施类旅游景区热点区域出现在阳泉市，冷点区域出现在晋城市，但其集聚程度均较低；生物景观类旅游景区热点区域位于长治市，冷点区域位于临汾市和运城市，其集聚程度较高。最后，从自然地理和人文社会两方面对旅游景区空间分布的影响因素进行了定性分析。

Classification and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Tourist Attractions in Shanxi Province Based on POI Data

By combining big data with traditional geographic information system and taking Point of Interest (POI) data of Shanxi tourist attractions as the research object, we firstly classified the data, and then analyzed their overall spatial distribution pattern and distribution direction, as well as their spatial distribution characteristics of specific cities. Results showed that the overall distribution pattern of tourist scenic spots in Shanxi presents an agglomeration characteristic in Jinzhong district, but the agglomeration pattern and degree of the tourist scenic spots in different district were different. Geographical landscape tourist attractions mainly concentrated in central, southeast and northeast districts of Shanxi. Water scenic spots concentrated in central, south and northeast districts with an axial zonal distribution; Biological landscape tourist attractions showed a ‘diamond’ agglomeration pattern; relics tourist attractions were mostly distributed in northern, and southeastern Shanxi; Construction and facilities of tourist attractions presented agglomeration characteristics of triangular shape; The entertainment and shopping tourist attractions were evenly distributed in the whole province. The spatial distribution direction of tourist scenic spots was consistent with the regional shape of Shanxi Province. Except for no directionality and centrality of the distribution of entertainment and shopping tourist scenic spots were found, other types of the tourist scenic spots have different degree of agglomeration characteristics. The analysis of the spatial pattern of tourist attractions for all prefecture-level cities showed that water scenery scenic spots were evenly distributed among the cities. The hot spots of landscape and architectural facilities appeared in Yangquan City, while the cold spots appeared in Jincheng City, but the degree of agglomeration was small. The hot spot area of biological landscape tourist attractions is located in Changzhi City, while the cold spot area is located in Linfen City and Yuncheng City, with a high degree of agglomeration. In addition, the factors that influence the spatial distribution of scenic spots were qualitatively analyzed from two aspects of physical geography and human society.