不同时期古黄河三角洲土壤剖面盐渍化特征

在渤海湾西岸选取8个不同地貌单元、不同土地利用方式的土壤剖面,分别在土壤返盐和淋溶最强的季节,按0~20、20~40、40~60和60~90cm采集土壤盐渍化样品,分析土壤剖面盐渍化特征。古河道带地势较高,为轻度盐化土壤,以硫酸盐型和氯化物-硫酸盐型盐渍化类型为主。河间洼地多为中度盐化土壤,为硫酸盐-氯化物型盐渍化类型。潮上带土壤的盐分含量达7~11g/kg,为盐土,为氯化物型盐渍化类型。土壤的蒸发、淋溶作用跟地貌、沉积等密切相关。同一地貌类型上,距海较远土壤剖面HCO₃^-含量高,Cl^-含量低,全盐含量低,盐化程度低。

Characteristics of Soil Salinization of Huanghe River Delta in Different Periods

On the west coast of Bohai Bay, eight soil profiles have been selected in different geomorphologic units and land use, and the samples of salinized soil at 0-20, 20-40, 40-60 and 60-90 cm under the ground were collected. The soil salinized slightly in paleo-river highland, belonged to sulphate type and chloride-sulphate type of soil saline. The soil salinized moderately in influve, and been belonged to sulphate-chloride type of soil saline. The soil of super-intertidal flat is saltierra, and its salinity reach 0.7-1.1 (g/kg), and belonged to chloride type soil saline. Evaporation and eluviation of soil have been closely related with geomorphologic units and sedimentary frame. The soil of far away the sea has higher content of HCO₃^-, and lower content of Cl^- and salinity in the same geomorphologic units.