菲尔德斯半岛南部邻近海域石油污染的初步研究

本文首次报道了菲尔德斯半岛南部邻近海域的水样和生物样石油污染状况。表层水样的测定结果表明 ,调查海域已受到明显的石油污染。在所调查的各站位 ,中国长城站前海湾受油污最轻 ,水样油的浓度略高于中国《海水水质标准》规定的第三类水质最高容许浓度 ,为 5 1 2 .2 5 μg/L;智利站前和海豹湾受油污最重 ,分别达 41 49.2 3 μg/L和 41 6 9.72 μg/L,约比长城站前海水含量高 8倍。几种海洋生物受污染程度不一 ,潮间带生物受油污明显高于鱼类。鉴于调查海域已受到明显的油污染 ,且进入南极水域后消除不易 ,为保护南极生态环境 ,很有必要开展油的净化规律 ,以及石油污染对生态系统影响等的研究。

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON PETROLEUM POLLUTION IN THE ADJACENT WATERS OF THE SOUTH OF FILDES PENINSULA

This paper reports for the first time on the petroleum pollution in the water and biological samples collected in the adjacent waters of the south Fildes Peninsula, Antarctica. The results of the determinatin of surficial water samples indicate that the investigated sea area has been markedly polluted by oil.Among the investigated stations, station A,at the front of the Great Wall Station of China was the least polluted, the oil concentration in water samples was 512.25 μg/L, slightly higher than the maximum permissible concentration of class 3 water stipulated in the "Criteria for Sea Water Quality in China",the oil pollution in the front cove of Chile Station and Sea Harbor was the heaviest, reaching 4149.23 μg/L and 4169.72μg/L, respectively, being 8 times the oil content of sea water in the front cove of the Great Wall Station. Several species of marine organisms were contaminated with oil in varying degrees, the organisms in intertidal zone were markedly more heavily contaminated with oil than fish. In view of the fact that the investigated sea areas have been markedly polluted and that it is hard to remove the oil once it enters Antarctic sea areas, and for the purpose of protecting the ecological environment of Antarctica, it is very necessary to make a thorough study of the process of purification of oil as well as the effect of petroleum pollution on ecosystems.