极地冰芯中记录的火山作用及其对气候的影响

大多数火山喷发以强酸 (主要是硫酸 )的形式在极地冰芯中留下痕迹 ,通过冰芯连续电导率 (ECM)或各个雪冰样品SO42 - 浓度测定能够恢复历史上的火山作用。极地冰芯中已知年代的火山喷发还可用于冰芯定年。极地冰芯记录的火山信号大小依赖于火山喷发的规模和类型 ,火山喷发的地理位置和酸性气体组成 ,大气气溶胶传输 ,以及沉降地点的年积累率和沉积后生过程等。单个火山喷发通常会导致数月至数年的半球乃至全球范围的气候相对变冷 (这种现象在极区变得更明显 ) ,但过去大规模的爆炸性火山喷发对气候的影响及其与气候变化之间的联系仍有待于进一步研究

VOLCANISM RECORDED IN POLAR ICE CORES AND ITS EFFECTS ON CLIMATE

Major volcanic eruptions leave traces in polar ice mainly as strong acids like sulphuric acid. Historical volcanism can be detected in polar ice by continuous ECM (Electrical Conductivity Method) measurements or sulfate concentrations in melted samples, while known volcanic eruptions may be used to date ice cores. Volcanic signals preserved in polar ice cores depend on not only the magnitude, type, geographical location and composition of acid gases from volcanic eruptions, but also atmospheric aerosol transportation efficiency, local annual accumulation and post depositional process at precipitation sites, and so on. A single volcanic eruption usually lead to relative climate cooling of several months to a few years on hemispherical or even global scale, but further work is needed to improve understanding of the climate volcanism connection and the effects of large scale volcanic eruptions on long term (several decades or more) climate changes.