南极长城站和中山站的近期气候变化及其对南极涛动的响应

利用长城和中山站的多种气象观测资料,揭示了南极气候在近15—30年全球气候变化关键时期的最新动态及其对南极涛动变化的响应。结果显示,近15年来,位于南极半岛地区的长城站增暖趋势减缓且有变冷迹象,并伴随气压下降和降水增多的趋势,表明全球增暖停滞期南极半岛经历了与过去几十年长期趋势有所不同的新变化,而位于南极大陆沿海的中山站气象要素变化趋势相对平缓,表明南极半岛和南极大陆气候变化特征存在显著的区域性差异。两站多个气象要素与南极涛动指数显著相关,两站温度与南极涛动相关关系相反等研究事实说明了两站气候与南极涛动及其对应的大气环流区域特征有着密切的联系。

Recent climate change at the Great Wall and Zhongshan stations in Antarctica and its relationship with the AAO

Climate change in the Antarctic during the recent 15–30 years, the key period of global climate change, has been detected in observations acquired at the Great Wall (GW) and Zhongshan (ZS) Stations. Data show the Antarctic Peninsula has experienced a cooling trend during the recent 15 years, in conjunction with a declining trend in pressure and an increasing trend in precipitation, reflecting some new changes that have occurred during the global warming hiatus. Meanwhile, the data from the ZS station show relatively flat trends compared with the GW station, implying obvious regional climatic differences between the Antarctic Peninsula and the eastern Antarctic continent. Investigation of the correlation between multiple meteorological parameters and the Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) indicates significant correlation between the AAO and climate at both stations. The different responses to the AAO at the GW and ZS stations might be attributable to the regional characteristics of the atmospheric circulation corresponding to the AAO.