北极苔原新奥尔松地区的地表辐射特征

利用我国北极黄河站所在地,德国Koldewey站1993-2003年的资料,对新奥尔松地区的地表辐射特征进行了初步分析。结果表明,由于云的影响,新奥尔松极昼期间的日照百分率仅为32.2%。暖季由于下垫面地表冰雪融化,地表反射率迅速减小,地面吸收辐射和地面有效辐射都迅速增大。全年累计的净辐射为正值;暖季是接受太阳辐射能的主要时段,寒季接受的太阳辐射能极少。虽近10年来新奥尔松地区的气温增加十分显著,但各辐射量的变化趋势不明显。地表辐射实测值与同期NCEP/NCAR相邻格点逐日资料的比较表明,NCEP资料对各辐射项模拟的精度不高。

SURFACE RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS AT NY-(A)LESUNDOVER THE ARCTIC TUNDRA AREA

Based on Koldewey Station′s 1993—2003 hourly observational data,this paper conducts a statistical analysis on the radiation characteristics for an arctic tundra region(Ny-lesund island) where our first arctic expedition station(Huanghe Station) is located.Affected by cloudy sky,Ny-lesund′s sunshine percent was only 32.2% even during deep summer.As a result of ice and snow′s melting effect during warm season,surface reflecting ratio was quickly decreasing and surface absorbing radiation and effective radiation were rapidly increasing.The total net radiation was positive during the whole year.Surface absorbing radiation mainly focused in warm season and was absent during cold season.Radiation factors didn′t show clear changing trends though temperature was clear uptrend at Ny-lesund.NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data of the grid closest to Ny-lesund aren′t accurate in keeping consistent changes with the data obtained at Ny-lesund about surface radiation factors.