邻避设施空间分布特征及其与周边住宅价格的关系——广州案例

随着中国城镇的快速发展以及市民环境意识的提高，由邻避设施引发的矛盾日益增多。合理规划邻避设施，是促进环境正义、推动社会和谐的重要课题。论文从“规划云平台”获取广州主城区邻避设施的地理信息数据，通过Python语句编码收集广州主城区小区平均房价数据，运用克里金插值法分析邻避设施的空间分布特征，构建多元线性回归模型和地理加权回归模型研究邻避设施与周边住宅价格的关系。研究发现，广州主城区邻避设施的布局与低收入住宅区的分布在空间上具有一致性，邻避设施主要分布在房价较低的住宅区周边；邻避设施对周边小区房价的影响与邻避设施的类型和所在区位相关，城市边缘区的邻避设施对房价造成了显著的负面影响，而城市中心良好的区位条件、基础设施与公共服务配套一定程度上抵消了邻避设施的负外部性；污名化类的邻避设施对房价的影响程度明显小于污染类、风险聚集类和心理不悦类邻避设施。本研究对有关城市邻避设施的科学规划布点具有一定的借鉴和指导意义。

The spatial distribution of NIMBY facilities and housing prices in surrounding areas: A case study of Guangzhou

With the rapid development of cities and the improvement of citizens' environmental awareness in China, tensions and conflicts caused by "Not In My Backyard" (NIMBY) facilities have increased. How to plan NIMBY facilities properly has become an essential issue for promoting environmental justice and social harmony. We obtained the geographic data of the NIMBY facilities in the main urban area of Guangzhou City from the Planning Cloud Platform. Using Python coding, we also collected housing price data from major real-estate brokerage companies. Kriging interpolation was used to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of the NIMBY facilities. We used both ordinary least squares regression and geographically weighted regression to investigate the relationship between the locations of NIMBY facilities and housing prices in their surrounding areas. Results show that the distribution of NIMBY facilities in the main urban area of Guangzhou is spatially consistent with the distribution of low-income neighborhoods. The NIMBY facilities are mainly distributed around neighborhoods with lower housing prices. The impact of NIMBY facilities on the housing prices of surrounding neighborhoods is related to the type and location of NIMBY facilities. The feature of NIMBY facilities in the urban peripheries negatively impact housing prices. In the core urban area, however, good location, infrastructure, and public services have, to some extent, canceled out the negative impacts of NIMBY facilities on housing prices. The impact of stigma related NIMBY facilities on housing prices is significantly lower than that of pollution, high safety risk, and psychological distress related NIMBY facilities. This study provides scientific guidelines for urban NIMBY planning.