河南省专业村空间格局与集聚测度

专业村是村域经济发展的特殊形式,是实现乡村振兴的重要抓手。通过对河南省专业村2009年和2018年2次追踪调查,依据专业村内涵,在对河南省发展实力最强的约1200个(2008年)和1500个(2017年)村域经济评判的基础上,分别筛选出487和668个专业村。运用空间自相关、最邻近指数、核密度估计等方法探究了河南省专业村的空间变化。研究发现：① 在空间格局上,河南省专业村由局部集聚向全面扩散转变,呈现“整体分散、层次分明”的分布特征;专业村在豫南和豫西南地区分布数量仍然较少。② 在分区差异上,专业村集聚的中心—外围空间特征逐渐淡化,过去的“V”字形分区逐渐转变为“T”字形分区,不同分区间专业村密度差异显著,分区交界地带存在“灯下黑”现象。③ 在变化特征上,专业村空间分布重心移动轨迹呈现向东南方向移动,分布范围总体上呈现扩大趋势,尤其是豫东地区农业主导型和工业主导型专业村数量显著增长。④ 在集聚程度上,专业村集聚区由“点核”向“面状”转变,集聚程度有所减弱,部分地区专业村存在“增长下的消失”现象。

Spatial distribution and agglomeration measurement of specialized villages in Henan Province

Rural prosperity means national prosperity. Specialized villages (SVs) are the typical model of village economic development and the important starting point to realize rural revitalization. Funded by the Henan Provincial Agricultural Work Office, this study investigated nearly 1200 and 1500 SVs in Henan Province in 2009 and 2018 through questionnaire surveys. Based on the definition of SVs and the evaluation of village economy, 487 and 668 SVs were selected respectively for the two years. Using spatial autocorrelation, nearest neighbor index, and kernel density estimation methods, we explored the spatial changes of SVs in Henan Province. The research found that: 1) In terms of spatial patterns, the SVs in Henan Province had changed from local agglomeration to full-scale diffusion, showing the distribution characteristics of "large-scale dispersion and small-scale aggregation". The number of SVs in southern Henan and southwestern Henan were relatively small. 2) In terms of zoning differences, the core-periphery spatial structure of SVs had gradually faded, and the "V-shaped" partition in the past had gradually changed into a "T-shaped" partition. There were significant differences in the density of SVs in different districts, and there existed the phenomenon of darkness under the lights at the junction of the districts. 3) In terms of the characteristics of change, the spatial distribution of SVs showed an expanding trend, with the center of gravity moved to the southeast. The number of SVs in eastern Henan had increased significantly. 4) In terms of the degree of agglomeration, the agglomeration areas of SVs had changed from a single core to multi-cores. Many secondary agglomeration centers were formed, and the agglomeration extreme value decreased. In some areas, there was a "disappearance under growth".