地理科学发展与新技术应用

当代计算机、互联网、航天航空、自动化和传感网、环境和生态修复等技术发展很快,并渗透到许多基础与应用基础研究学科。以综合性、交叉性和区域性为特点的地理学借力于新技术应用,学科发展得到有力促进,突出表现包括：① 研究时空拓展到近实时和全球,基本解决异域和极端地理环境数据难获取问题;② 数据获取方式和渠道多样性促进了数据的爆发性增加,对规律和格局的分析从依赖有限时空表观信息发展到依靠新技术获取高时空动态数据开展大数据挖掘;③ 研究内容从静态知识获取、机理分析拓展到包括生态修复和环境治理等能动性的工作;④ 学科发展呈现领域拓展和新技术学科交叉趋势,地理学通过与新技术进一步融合发展获得新生命力。借助新技术和地理大数据“燃料”的注入,新时期地理科学发展将在全球和区域社会经济建设过程中通过提供“复方”解决方案而发挥重要的作用。

Advance of geographic sciences and new technology applications

Modern technologies develop rapidly in the areas of computers, Internet, aerospace and aeronautics, automation and sensor network, environmental remediation and ecological restoration, and so on, which overlap with a large number of basic and applied basic research disciplines. With the application of new technologies, the geography, which characterizes of integrity, interdisciplinary and regionality, has been strongly promoted. The highlights include: 1) The spatial and temporal coverage of research can expand to the entire globe at near real-time, and the accessibility of data on remote and extreme geographical environments has greatly improved. 2) Multi-methods and multi-channels of data acquisition promote the explosive growth of data. The analysis of rules and patterns has been developed from relying on limited spatiotemporal information to relying on new technologies to acquire high spatiotemporal dynamic data for big data mining. 3) The research scopes expand from static knowledge acquisition and mechanism analysis to dynamic works including ecological restoration and environmental management. 4) The disciplines developed at broadened scopes, and embedded with cross-cutting new technologies that in return brought about new vitality to geography. With the help of new technologies and the injection of big data "fuel", the development of geographic sciences in the new era will play an important role by providing "complex" solutions in the process of global and regional social and economic development.