城市和区域多中心研究进展

在城镇快速扩张和交通通信技术迅猛发展的背景下,许多城市和区域呈现出多中心的趋势;在城市和区域规划实践中,多中心也成为广泛应用的空间政策工具。论文回顾了国内外城市和区域多中心的研究进展,首先从研究尺度和中心重要性的界定出发,辨析了城市内和城市间、形态和功能多中心的内涵;而后分别从新中心的产生和既有中心一体化的角度解析了城市和区域多中心的形成和演化机制;进而总结了实证研究中多中心的识别和测量方法、城市和区域空间结构单中心化与多中心化的分异以及多中心绩效评估等领域的进展与不足。文章最后提出了多中心研究的拓展方向：明晰多中心概念并进行合理测度、比较空间结构演化的分异并剖析内在机制、对多中心的绩效进行多维度系统评估。

Polycentric city and region: A review and appraisal

Spatial configuration has a significant impact on the efficient and balanced development of cities and regions. Following the rapid expansion of urban areas and the development of transportation and communication technologies, polycentricity has become the dominant trend of spatial restructuring in many cities and regions. Meanwhile, it has been adopted widely as an important tool of spatial configuration in urban and regional planning. However, the concept of "polycentricity", despite its wide usage in the literature, remains to be confusing and needs to be clarified. Moreover, there is no consensus on the prevalence and advantages of the polycentric form of city and regional spatial structure compared with those of the monocentric counterpart. This article reviewed the research related to polycentricity in Chinese and international literature to get a systematic comprehension of this concept. First, it analyzed the connotation of intra-city and inter-city polycentricity, morphological and functional polycentricity based on the definition of research scale and importance of centers. Second, this article reviewed the evolution mechanism of polycentric city and urban region from the perspectives of the generation of new centers and the integration of existing centers. Third, it summarized the various tools of identifying and measuring polycentricity, the development trend and performance of city and regional spatial structure. Finally, the future research prospects are proposed: 1) Defining polycentricity clearly and measuring it appropriately with some new data and tools to make the results more accurate and comparable. 2) Comparing the variation of city and regional spatial structures and analyzing the causes from the perspectives of agent's decisions and the comprehensive effect of the spatial distribution of various economic factors. 3) Evaluating the performance of polycentricity comprehensively, which means taking the environment and socioeconomic background of cities and regions into consideration when exploring the advantages and disadvantages of polycentricity in multiple perspectives.