生态导向下的主体功能区划方法初探

全国“十一五”规划中明确提出在全国范围内开展主体功能区划工作,根据资源环境承载能力、现有开发密 度和发展潜力,将国土空间划分为优化开发、重点开发、限制开发和禁止开发四类主体功能区。目前,全国主体功能 区划工作已经启动,一些省份也已开展前期研究和试划工作。然而,由于该项工作刚刚起步,各地都还处于摸索阶 段,尚未形成一套完整可循的技术方法。本文从计量革命到生态人文化思潮的方法论思变以及“开发”与“保护”的 内在逻辑出发,以生态功能分析为基本视角与切入点,探索性地提出了生态导向下的主体功能区划方法,并着重对 生态导向下的主体功能区划的基本的流程、指标体系和判别方法进行了初步探讨。提出了以“生态足迹”、“生态承 载力”、“开发潜力”为特征指标的主体功能区划指标体系,并以此为基础初步构建了主体功能区划层次判别系统。

An Ecologically Based Technique for the Principal Function Zoning

China's 11th Five-Year Plan calls for the Principal Function zoning in the whole country, which is to distinguish four kinds of principal function sections from the whole country according to the Ecological Carrying Capacity, the Exploitation Density and the Development Potential. Now, the principal Function zoning is started up throughout the country and some provinces have attempted to organize the advance study of zoning. However, for this task is still in its infancy, there is not a complete range of techniques to recourse to. From transition of the quantitive revolution to the ecological trends and the logical relations between the Exploitation and the Protection, this paper attempts to put forward an ecologically based technique for the principal function zoning and mainly discusses the basic flow, the index system and the distinguishing techniques of the zoning. "Protection first and development follow" is our basic way of thinking in this paper. In other words, the basic ecological frame of the area should be laid off before its development rank is determined. The index system is also put forward which is made up of three characteristic indexes including the Ecological Footprint, the Ecological Carrying Capacity and the exploitation density, and the ordinal distinguishing system of the principal function is established. The purpose of the research is to stimulate public discussion on a topic that will have major impact on the development of our country and thus provide methods and theory system for the Principal Function zoning of our country.