水资源承载能力评价方法研究及应用

为全面客观评价水资源承载状况,进而为经济社会发展合理布局提供理论支撑,本文在对水资源承载能力评价研究现状进行综述的基础上,考虑水量、水质、水生态3个要素,讨论分析了水资源承载能力内涵,从水资源承载负荷和承载能力2个方面出发,构建了水资源承载能力评价指标体系,采用实物量指标对水资源承载能力各因素分别评价,采用“短板法”全面考虑各要素评价结果,进而得到水资源承载能力综合评价结果。并以河北省为案例进行水资源承载能力评价,最后结合资源承载状况和超载成因,提出了河北省水资源调控措施建议,以验证评价方法的合理性与可行性。

An evaluation method of water resources carrying capacity and application

In order to comprehensively and objectively assess water resources carrying status and provide a theoretical support for sound spatial planning of socioeconomic development, this study reviewed existing research on carrying capacity of water resources and examined the meaning of water resources carrying capacity. An index system for evaluating water resources carrying capacity was constructed considering three key factors—water quantity, quality, and ecology. Physical quantity index was employed in the evaluation of each factor of water resources. Comparing the index values and the evaluation standards, comprehensive carrying status of water resources system can be obtained by considering the situation of the worst factor. Hebei Province was taken as a case study to evaluate the carrying status of its water resources system. Measures and suggestions for managing water resources were proposed based on the evaluation result and overloading cause analysis. Finally, the evaluation method was verified.