城市内部居住迁移对个体健康的影响——以广州市为例

居住迁移作为城市最重要的活动之一,对个体生理和心理健康的影响受到社会学和心理学的关注,但鲜有从迁移所涉及的居住环境、迁移方向、距离等地理角度展开系统研究。本文以广州市为例,利用2016年入户调研问卷数据,运用二项logistic回归分析方法,并结合深度访谈法,分析居住迁移的时间特征、空间特征等因素对个体自评生理健康与心理健康带来的影响。研究结果表明,居住迁移对个体健康的影响包括长期累积效应与短期效应。前者体现为个体18岁前频繁的居住迁移对生理和心理造成的负面影响;后者为短时间内居住迁移对心理健康造成较大的负面影响。此外,在最近一次居住迁移中,主动迁居对生理健康有显著正向影响,离心性迁移方向对心理健康亦有显著正向影响;长距离迁移对心理健康则为负向影响。研究结果对于个体择居、社区建设具有重要的意义。

The impact of intra-urban residential mobility on residents' health: A case study in Guangzhou City

As one of the most important activities in urban life, the impact of housing relocation on residents' physical and mental health has become a rising concern by sociologists and psychologists. However, although housing relocation involves many geographic factors such as dwelling environment and direction and distance of relocation, little research has been undertaken by geographers. Taking Guangzhou City as an example, and based on data from a questionnaire survey conducted in 2016, this study applied binary logistic regression analysis to evaluate the impact of spatial and temporal factors on residents' self-rated physical and mental health from a geographic perspective. The result shows that housing relocation impacts residents' self-rated physical and mental health negatively both on the long term and the short term. On the long term, frequent relocations before 18 years old impacts residents' physical and mental health negatively. On the short term, housing relocation impacts residents' mental health negatively. In the most recent move, active relocation has positive impact on physical health, while moving away from the city center affects mental health positively but long distance moving affects mental health negatively. The conclusions are of significance to studies on residents' housing relocation choice and community development.