干热退化山地不同类型侵蚀沟生物生态工程治理试验研究

冲沟是生态环境治理和控制泥石流活动的关键地段。结合云南南涧县城后山泥石流生物生态工程治理试验示范研究，总结出由土石混砌与土木筑造结构的生物谷坊，浆筑结构拦坝和谷坊等组成的沟道侵蚀治理方法，并成功地进行了相应的生物坝系建设，筛选出大叶桉，赤桉，马鹿花，台湾相思，马占相思，新叶合欢，夹竹桃等一批适宜干热生境和沟道植被恢复及防护林建设的植物种类，同时采取冲沟与谷坡同时整治，生物治理与调蓄水措施相结合的坡面治理方法。结果表明，这些生物生态工程措施对于防止沟床侵蚀，抑制泥石流活动和护床固坡效果显著。

EXPERIENCE ON THE BIO-ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING HARNESSING OF GULLIES IN DEGRADED MOUNTAINOUS REGION IN DRY-HOT VALLEY IN NANJIAN OF YUNNAN

The gullies are thought as the key sections in harnessing ecological environment and debris flow formation With ecological theories and methods, bio ecological engineering for harnessing gullies in Houshan debris flow by Nanjian county town characterized as dry hot valley climate, Yunnan province was conducted Gullies and slopes were harnessed simultaneously A series of different structural bio dams with the same function were built in gullies Eucalyptus robusta, E Camaldulensis, Leucaena glauca, Acacia richii,A Mangium, Pueraria wallichii, Nerium indicum etc were selected as suitable plant species for bio dams and gully bed shelter forests Different type of plant communities combined with water storage measures including level belt terracing, trenches and water pools were made on the slopes and up courses of gullies The results showed that these bio ecological engineering measures were effect to control gully erosion and debris flow activity, and to protect gully beds and slopes in the dry hot valley