距离式森林活力评价的研究与实践

森林活力是森林生长、更新的能力，其主要受垂直结构功能和水平景观格局的影响和制约。通过与原生林的比较，揭示与原生林群落结构或功能的差距可以一定程度上反映森林的活力水平。目前，中国基于“距离式”思想的森林活力评价方法仍局限于群落尺度，而新西兰学者则提出了结合多尺度、多要素且简单实用的森林活力评价方法。通过典型群落样方调查和森林斑块格局分析，获取云南石林喀斯特公园森林恢复更新数据和斑块格局，对照目标群落，依据6个评价项目与指标，评价了公园4种主要森林植被恢复的森林活力，结果显示：依滇青冈林（Form．Cyclobcdanopsis glaucoides），云南木樨榄-滇青冈林（Form．Olea yunnanensis—Cyclobcdanopsis glaucoide），团花新木姜子林（Form．Olea yunnanensis），云南松林（Form．Pinus yunnanensis）的顺序森林活力降低；影响公园森林活力最主要的因素是森林斑块的抗干扰能力和物种源水平。

THE BUSH VITALITY'S RESEARCH AND PRACTICE THAT IS BASED ON THE DISPARITY PATTERN

The bush vitality is the growing and regeneration capability of the bush, it is mostly influenced and restricted by the vertical structure function and the horizontal landscape pattern. By the means of comparing with virgin forest, we can reveal the differences about their structure and functions, and that will mirror bush vitality level in certain degree. At present, the evaluation method based on the idea of Disparity Pattern of China is still limited in community size, while the New Zealand scholars put forward the simple and practical bush vitality evaluation method which suggested to connecting the multiple measures and multiple factors. Through the analysis on the bush patch and the investigation for the typical community samples, I get the bush rejuvenescence data and the patch pattern of Shilin Krast Park of Yunnan. It turned out to show that the bush vitality decreased by the following sequence： Form.Cyclobalanopsis glaucoides, Form.Olea yunnanensis-Cyclobalanopsis glaucoide, Form. Olea yunnanensis and Form Pinus yunnananensis. The leading element that influenced the bush vitality is the anti-jamming capability of the bush patch and the level of the species origins.