国外国家公园社区问题研究综述

周边社区是建设国家公园过程中一个不可回避的方面。通过系统梳理和回顾国外相关研究文献，对国外国家公园社区问题的研究内容和研究方法进行归纳总结，把握目前国外国家公园社区问题的研究现状，为中国同主题的研究提供一定的理论借鉴。国外对国家公园社区问题的研究主要集中在国家公园对社区的影响、社区对国家公园的影响与认知、社区参与、社区利益分配、土地利用等方面；研究方法多以定量分析为主，多为实证研究。研究表明，对于国家公园的研究需在社区利益分配、社区土地利用、社区可持续发展、社区需求等方面进一步细化、加深。社区参与是未来国家公园可持续发展的重要手段之一，因此对其参与方式、利益分配机制、利益保护的研究将是重点。

AN OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC ON LOCAL COMMUNITY IN NATIONAL PARKS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES

The surrounding community is a problem that can not be evaded in the development of national parks. The author summarized research content and methods of foreign national parks＇ community through systematically reviewing research literature abroad in order to know of the status quo on community of foreign national parks and to provide a theoretical draw for domestic researcher with the similar theme. The study topics on community abroad mainly concentrated on such areas as interaction between national parks and communities, awareness to national parks, community involvement, distribution of benefits and land use; research methods make more use of quantitative analysis-based and empirical research. Research indicates that studies on benefits distribution, land use, sustainable development and community requirement need to be further refined and deepened. Community participation is one of the important means of sustainable development of national parks in the future, so their involvement pattern, benefits distribution mechanism and interests＇ protection will be the research focus.