黄河流域地下水资源及其开发利用对策

黄河是中国第二大河并以其含沙量特大和下游的“地上悬河”而闻名于世。黄河上游的盐碱、沙害，中游的水土流失和下游悬河段的洪涝、干旱和断流等灾害使黄河的生态环境极其脆弱。针对流域内缺水和水质问题，对流域水资源、城市工农业的供需水量平衡、地下水的开发潜力等进行了预测。通过基流分割计算和同位素技术的应用，研究了区内地下水和地表水之间的水循环规律及地下水对黄河的贡献。最后，对黄河流域地下水可更新能力及地下水可持续开发利用的对策进行了深入的研究。

Groundwater Resources and Their Countermeasures of Development and Utilization in Yellow River Basin

Yellow River is the second large river in China and it is also famous in the world as the abundant sand river. The ecological-environment is very fragile in Yellow River Basin due to soil sali-nization and disastrous sandstorms on the upper reaches, soil erosion on the middle reaches and the “Hanging River” on the lower reaches which induced the calamity of flood, water logging, running dry and drought. Because of rather lack of water and water quality problem in the basin, quantities of water resources were calculated and balance of water supply and demand in counties and cities as well as the potential capacity of groundwater development were predicted. Base flow separation method and isotope technique were adopted to study the cyclic relationship between river water and groundwater. Finally, the renewable capability of groundwater resources and the ways of groundwater sustainable development and utilization in Yellow River Basin were probed.