南响堂石雕表层的孔隙、粒度变化与环境污染

南响堂石窟石雕表面风化破损现象日趋严重，表现在文物表面粗糙、开裂或完全破损。以石雕表层粒度、孔隙特征为主要研究对象，采用偏光显微镜、电子显微镜、红外光谱及ZHISS图像分析仪等分析方法，对风化壳剖面分层的成分、结构等进行系统研究，总结出各分层孔隙、粒度变化的规律及成因。最终证实环境污染物对该石质文物起到后生改造破坏作用。

Evolutions of Aperture Gaps and Grain Sizes in Surface Layers of Southern Xiangtang Carvings and Related Environmental Pollutions

The surfaces of southern Xiangtang rock-cut stone carvings has been destroyed more and more seriously and the structure,the aperture gaps and the grain size on the surface layer of the stone carvings has changed to some extent,such as the surfaces of cultural relics become coarse,cracked,and even completely destroyed.The composition and the structure of the every layer in the crust weathering,mainly the a grain sizes of the stone carving surface layer and the characteristic aperture gaps has been researched systematically with the help of polarization-microscope,SEM,IR,and ZHISS graphical analysis instrument and the variation rules and the corresponding origins of the aperture gaps and the grain sizes has been summed up.The research result shows that environment pollutants are responsible for the epigenetic transformation induced destroys of surfaces of stone relics.