中国铀资源特点及找矿方向

中国铀矿地质勘查工作,在50年代中期为矿山建设提供了第一批可资利用的铀矿储量;60年代中国至70年代中期,使东南地区成为最重要的铀矿资源基地;70年代中期以来,展现了中国东北部找铀矿的巨大潜力,南部也取得了好的成果。中国铀矿资源时空分布和产出的特征是:矿床分布广泛,地区间差异明显;矿床产出时代新,矿床以中小规模为主,矿石平均品位中等;矿床以围岩分类:花岗岩型、火山岩型(占总储量的61％),砂岩型(占21％),碳硅泥岩型(占13％)。借鉴西方国家70年代以来该项工怍飞速发展及重大突破的经验,为保证中国铀矿勘查工作长期稳步发展,有大的突破,必须加强西部地区的区调普查,实现找矿中心的战略转移。为此,近期我们要做好以下工作:调整队伍部署,提高技术素质;加强经济评价,做好宏观调控;加强资源评价,制定勘查规划;依靠科技进步,实现铀矿勘查工作的现代化。

CHARACTERISTICS OF URANIUM RESOURCES AND PROSPECTING DIRECTION IN CHINA

The uranium exploration work carried out in China in the mid-1950S provided the first part of usable uranium reserves for mine construction. From the mid-1960s to that of the 1970s, the Southeast region became the most important base of uranium resources. Since the mid-1970s a great potential for uranium exploration has been recognized in Northeast China and some good results have been also obtained in South China. Summing up the work over the past thirty years, the features of uranium resources in China both in time-space distribution and geological setting are as folloWs: (1) Uranium deposits are widely distriduted with evident difference from one region to another; (2) Uranium deposits were formed at young ages with predominantly medium to small tonnages in size and medium uranium grade of ores in average; (3) Uranium deposits classified by host rocks are: granite and volcanic rock-type account for 61% of the total reserves, sandstone-type (21%) and carbonaceous-siliceous-argillaceous rock (13%). Using the experiences gained by the western countries with a rapid development and great breakthrough in uranium exploration since the 1970s, we must strengthen the regional investigation and prospecting in the western part of China and complete a movement of strategic center for uranium exploration in order to ensure uranium exploration work in China to keep a long-term and steady development. So in the near future, we must undertake the following work: adjgustin the exploration teams for their good deployment; increasing the technical quality; reinforcing the economic evaluation, keeping the work under the macroscopic control; strengthening resource evaluation and working out an exploration programme; relying on the progress of science and technologyand realizing a modernization in uranium exploration.