应用时空变—倾角扫描叠加KL变换提高地震资料信噪比

使用KL变换可去除地震资料中随机噪声和相干噪声，提高地震资料信噪比。但常规KL变换仅能加强水平方向同相轴，对倾斜或弯曲同相轴处理效果较差，且在处理大量数据时计算成本很高，在实际生产中难以广泛应用。一些文献中针对常规KL变换的两个缺陷进行了改进，即使用倾角扫描叠加KL变换和采用数据分块技术。作者在本文中将这两个方面的改进有机地结合起来，提出应用时空变－倾角扫描叠加KL变换对地震资料进行处理，并指出使用该方法时需要注意的一些问题。理论模型和实际资料处理效果表明，使用本方法可以克服常规KL变换的缺陷，有效改进剖面处理效果。

SIGNAL-TO-NOISE RATIO ENHANCEMENT OF SEISMIC DATA USING SPACE-TIME VARYING AND DIP SCANNING STACK KL TRANSFORM

The conventional KL transform used for removing noises in seismic data processing, has two limitations: 1) Although it can enhance the horizontal events, it will destroy the continuity of effective events when the events are oblique or curving; 2) Because of the large numbers of calculations, it is impossible for ones to use the conventional KL transform in practice. Some people have improved the two limitations by dip scanning stack KL transform and dividing the whole data into some small blocks, respectively. In this paper, we combine these two betterments and suggest a new method named the space-time varying and dip scanning stack KL transform, and also point out what should be paid attention to in using this new method. The results of the synthetic data and real data show that the new method can solve these two limitations successfully and improve processing quality.