青海西宁北山寺斜坡区灾害特征与成因机制分析

滑坡的灾害特征与成因机制是滑坡分析的一个重要方面。为充分了解北山寺斜坡区对人民生命财产与斜坡区内文物古迹造成的威胁，本文以北山寺斜坡区为例，以现场调查及工程地质勘察的方法对滑坡进行分析。结果表明，斜坡区主要发育有老滑坡及其上的林场场部Ⅰ号新滑坡、三清殿Ⅱ号新滑坡和深层潜在滑坡。查明了各个滑坡的形态、长度、宽度与厚度等信息。老滑坡、林场场部Ⅰ号新滑坡、三清殿Ⅱ号新滑坡属浅层滑坡，崩坡积物与下覆基岩接触面间的潜在蠕滑面是控制该浅层滑坡滑动的主要因素之一。总结出深层潜在滑坡的发展模式，即卸荷回弹、前缘沿潜在弱面滑移--后缘拉裂变形--压致拉裂扩展--深层潜在滑移面形成与贯通。

Hazard characteristics and mechanism of Beishansi slope area in Xining City of Qinghai Province

Hazard characteristics and mechanism are important for landslide analysis． To analyze the threat to the humans and the cultural relics，we studied the landslides in the Beishan temple slope area，which shows several landslides developed in this slope area，i．e．the old landslide，forest farm new landslide I，Sanqing temple new landslide II and deep potential landslide． The information of the shape，length，width and depth of each landslide is investigated and obtained． The old landslide，forest farm new landslide I and Sanqing temple new landslide II belong to shallow types，and the slip surface is the creep surface between the colluvium and the bed rocks． The development and generation of the deep landslides depend on the following steps: uploading rebound，slip of the front area along the potential soft surface － tension and deformation of the trailing area － extension of the pressure crack － generation and connection of the deep potential slip surface．