新疆库车河地区三叠－侏罗系干酪根显微组分与古环境及古气候

根据库车河剖面三叠－侏罗系干酪根显微组分的分布特点，将干酪根显微组分划分为５种组合和12种亚组合，结合沉积特征等资料推测每一种亚组合所对应的沉积环境。根据孢粉化石母体植物的生态习性推测三叠－侏罗系沉积时期古气候的变化规律是：由半干旱（俄霍布拉克组）→半潮湿（克拉玛依组下段）→潮湿（克拉玛依组上段－克孜勒努尔组下段）→半干旱、半潮湿（克孜勒努尔组上段－恰克马克组）→半干旱（齐古组、喀拉扎组）；由热带、亚热带型气候（俄霍布拉克组－塔里奇克组）→亚热带－暖温带型气候（阿合组－克孜勒努尔组）→亚热带型气候（恰克马克组－喀拉扎组）。根据干酪根显微组分、沉积特征等资料推测俄霍布拉克组、克拉玛依组上部标志层段、黄山街组二－四段中、下部、阳霞组上部标志层段和恰克马克组为该区三叠－侏罗纪五个主要的湖泊（滨浅湖、半深湖－深湖）发育期；齐古组为洪泛湖泊发育期；塔里奇克组、阳霞组下段和克孜勒努尔组为三个主要的沼泽（以河沼为主，如岸后沼泽、分流间沼泽等）发育期。

SEDIMENTARY ENVIRONMENTS AND PALAEOCLIMATE OF THE TRIASSIC AND JURASSIC IN KUQA RIVER AREA, XINJIANG

In the Kuqa River area, the kerogen maceration of the Triassic-Jurassic may be divided into 5 assemblages and 12 subassemblages based on its distribution characteristics. The evolution of paleoclimate during sedimentation of the Triassic-Jurassic inferred on the basis of ecology of sporopollen’s plants is: semi-arid (Ehuobulake Formation)→semi-humid (Lower Karamay Formation)→humid (Upper Karamay Formation－Kezilenur Formation)→semi-arid, semi-humid (Upper Kezilenur Formation－Lower Qigu Formation)→semi-arid (Middle-upper Qigu Formation－Kalaza Formation); and the evolution of paleoclimate type is: tropic-subtopic (Ehuobulak Formation－Taliqike Formation)→subtropic－warm temperate (Ahe Formation－Kezilenur Formation)→subtropic (Qiakemake Formation－Kalaza Formation). On the basis of maceration of kerogen, sedimentary characteristics and other data, it is inferred that lacustrine deposition was most developed in the Ehuobulake Formation, Upper Marker Member of the Karamay Formation, middle-lower part of members 2 to 4 of the Huangshanjie Formation, Upper Marker Member of the Yangxia Formation and Qiakemake Formation of the Triassic-Jurassic in this area. The Qigu Formation is the principal period of flood lake development, and the Taliqike Formation, lower Yangxia Formation and Kezilenur Formation are three principal periods of swamp development (mainly fluvial swamps, such as back-bank swamp and interdistributary swamp).