堆浸铀矿堆液体饱和渗流规律的研究

铀矿堆浸，溶浸液在铀矿堆中的渗流对浸出效果有非常重要的影响，研究堆浸铀矿堆的渗透特性，对改善铀矿堆浸效果具有重要的意义。采用取自我国南方某铀矿山的堆浸铀矿石，配制10组不同粒径分维数的试样，利用自制的饱和渗流试验装置，对其液体饱和渗流的规律进行试验研究，获得相应的渗透率和流态指数。利用试验结果，分析粒径分维数对渗透率的影响。采用支持向量机（SVM）模型，以粒径分维数和孔隙率作为输入量，建立渗透率和流态指数预测模型。结果表明，（1）在文中试验条件下，堆浸铀矿堆的液体饱和渗流遵循非Darcy指数定律，流态指数在1.1～1.5之间，且渗透率随着粒径分维数的增加而逐渐减小；（2）渗透率的SVM预测模型和流态指数的SVM 预测模型给出预测值的相对误差分别低于8%和7%，可以满足工程应用的要求。

Regularities for liquid saturated seepage in uranium ore heap for heap leaching

For heap leaching of uranium ore, the seepage of the leaching solution in the uranium ore heap has significant effect on the leaching behavior. Therefore, it is important to study the permeability characteristics of the uranium ore heap. In the present work, ten groups of samples with different particle size distribution fractal dimensions were prepared using the fragmented uranium ore for heap leaching taken from a uranium mine in South China; experiments were conducted to obtain the permeability and the flow state index of each sample using the self manufactured apparatus for liquid saturated seepage experiment; analyses were made for the effect of the particle size distribution fractal dimension on permeability of the samples; and support vector machine (SVM) was used to establish the SVM models for predicting the permeability and the flow state index, respectively. The results show that, under laboratory conditions, the liquid saturated seepage in the uranium ore heap for heap leaching follows non-Darcy exponential law with flow state index ranging from 1.1 to 1.5; the permeability decreases gradually with the increase of the particle size distribution fractal dimension; and the SVM models for predicting the permeability and the flow state index can give the predicted results with relative errors of less than 8% and 7%, respectively; so as to satisfy the requirements for engineering application.