空孔直眼掏槽成腔模型理论与实践分析

空孔直眼掏槽是隧道或井巷掘进的主要方法之一。基于典型空孔掏槽炮眼布置，分析了掏槽眼爆破形成空腔的物理力学过程；建立了空腔形成的物理和力学模型；研究了腔内碎石在高压爆生气体作用下的抛射过程；得出了空腔尺寸的理论计算方法。槽腔岩石介质破碎和外端部漏斗形成取决于掏槽眼装药爆炸动作用；碎石的抛出率与炸药性质、岩石性质和爆破参数有关。理论分析与在某矿进行的48次试验结果有较好的吻合性。

Experimental and theoretical study of parallel hole cut blasting with cavity

The physical behavior of cut holes in the course of forming empty space was analyzed; and the mechanic model of empty space’s formation was established based on the typical borehole distribution in parallel cut blasting with cavity. The movement behavior of fragment pieces of rock in space was studied. The principle of the sizes of empty space resulted from cut blasting with cavity was put forward; and the related calculation method was given, of which the results coincide with the results of 48 trials in a coal mine. The research results show that the ratio of fragment pieces thrown out of space is relevant to the characteristic of explosive, parameters of rock and types of charge structure.