卡尼期湿润幕：气候- 环境变化与海洋生态效应研究新进展

晚三叠世卡尼期湿润幕（Carnian Pluvial Episode, CPE）是近年来最受瞩目的地质事件之一。此次事件以卡尼中期全球不同纬度环境湿度显著上升为主要标志。CPE的发生不仅对全球各地沉积格局产生重大改变，也对三叠纪生物演化产生了深远影响。海洋生物群在跨越CPE期间发生了不同程度的灭绝与演替，大部分海洋无脊椎动物和部分脊椎动物的多样性在CPE之后出现明显的降低，著名的关岭生物群也受到了CPE的明显影响，并开始显现出危机。CPE之后，恐龙类群开始逐步占据陆地生态的主导地位，早中生代和现代生物的先祖开始在这一时期纷纷出现。CPE的发生揭开了现生生物演化史新的一页，并最终开创了早中生代和现生生物黎明。有关CPE的触发机制主要包括以下2个方面：① 晚三叠世巨型季风环流在卡尼期达到鼎盛并区域上影响了大气降水量；② 板块活动造成大规模火山喷发引发全球气候扰动。由于上述2种解释还未能与我国其他地质记录较好匹配，因而CPE在特提斯东缘的发生次序和发展过程并不清晰。这其中，对CPE触发机制的探讨，需要将全球板块变化与古气候模拟纳入其研究范畴。不同于晚二叠世生物大灭绝后生物类群缓慢重启和生态逐步复苏，CPE期间的生物演化与革新在短时间内促成了现代生物类群的形成。在我国，上三叠统卡尼阶分布广泛、发育齐全，且保存有各门类丰富的动植物化石，是开展卡尼期气候- 环境变化与生态效应研究的重要场所。然而目前国内有关CPE研究还十分有限，一些基础的地质工作仍然有待开展。位于特提斯东缘的我国地质记录有助于深刻理解CPE过程和环境- 生物协同演化关系，尤其在现代生物多样性起源和当代生态系统结构成型的研究过程中需要提供更多中国的对比方案。

Carnian Pluvial Episode: advances in climate- environment change and marine ecological effects

Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE), one of the most notable geological intervals ingeological history, was primarily marked by a striking increase in worldwide humidity at different latitudes during the hot and arid Carnian world. CPE not only altered the global sedimentary facies, but also exerted a profound impact on the process of biological evolution during Triassic. Different degrees of extinction and turnover of marine genera occurred across CPE. Bio- diversity of the most marine invertebrate and certain vertebrate decreased significantly, epitomized by a diversity reduction and even a crisis of extinction of Guanling biota. In post- CPE period, Dinosauria began to dominate the terrestrial ecology and ancestors of early Mesozoic and modern life began to take shape as well. Thus, CPE had written a new chapter of evolutionary history of modern organisms. The triggering mechanism of CPE mainly includes the following two aspects. Firstly, the megamonsoon circulation in the Late Triassic reached its peak in the Mid- Carnian period and affected the atmospheric precipitation in the region; secondly, extensive volcanic eruptions caused by plate activities caused global climate disturbance. Because the above two interpretations have not been well matched with other geological records in China, the occurrence sequence and development process of CPE in the eastern margin of Tethys are not clear. The research on the global plate change and paleoclimate simulation shall be conducted for the study of CPE triggering mechanism. Different from the slow restart of biological groups and gradual ecological recovery after the mass extinction in the Late Permian, the biological evolution and innovation during CPE contributed to the formation of modern biota in a short time. In China, the upper Triassic Carnian strata are widely distributed and well- developed, well preserved rich fauna and floral fossils, emphasizing its importance for the study of climate environmental change and ecological effects of Carnian. However, rather limited researches on CPE in China necessitate further basic geological work. Geological records of China on the eastern margin of Tethys are needed for us to develop a deep understanding of CPE process and environmental biological co- evolution relationship, and more Chinese comparative studies are required especially for a better research of the origin of modern biodiversity and the formation of contemporary ecosystem structure.