蔚县矿区地面沉陷InSAR多维形变监测

河北蔚县是我国华北地区最大的地下采煤区之一，该地区长期存在采矿塌陷灾害，不仅威胁采矿安全，而且严重破坏当地生态环境。本文基于合成孔径雷达干涉（InSAR）这一新型空间对地观测技术，采用61景Sentinel-1A/B干涉宽幅（Interferometric Wide swath，IW）模式数据进行矿区形变观测，获取整个矿区在2017—2018年间的地表形变空间分布特征，并对矿区地表的沉降量级及面积进行详细的统计分析。此外，采用融合多轨道SAR数据的多维形变时序估计方法，对西细庄矿数据进行东西向和垂向的二维形变分解，获取该矿的二维形变时间序列。结果表明:除南留庄井田外，其余三大井田在监测期间均存在不同程度的地面沉陷灾害；整个矿区年沉陷速率超过-10 cm/a的区域达到了2.16 km2；受成像几何影响，不同轨道数据获取的形变结果存在一定差异；西细庄矿以垂向形变为主，伴随明显的东西向水平形变。研究结果为蔚县矿区地面沉陷监测与煤矿安全开采提供数据参考。 

Multidimensional deformation monitoring using InSAR technology in Yuxian mining area

Yuxian County in Hebei Province is one of the largest mining areas in North China.This area has been suffering serious ground deformation due to underground mining activity,which not only threatens mining safety,but also seriously damages local ecological environment.To obtain the surface deformation map of the overall mining area and to analysis the spatiotemporal evolution features,61 C-band descending track and ascending track Sentinel-1A/B images from July 2017 to September 2018 were processed based on Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Rader(InSAR)technique.In addition,the two-dimensional deformation time series of Xixizhuang mine were obtained by using the multi-dimensional deformation time series estimation method with fusion multi-source SAR data.The results show that:Except Nanliuzhuang mine,the other three mines all have different degrees of ground subsidence disaster during the monitoring period;the area with annual deformation rate higher than -10 cm/a reached 2.16 km^2;the deformation results obtained from different track data are different from each other;the main deformation in Xixizhuang mine is vertical deformation with obvious east-west horizontal deformation.The results provide beneficial data reference for ground subsidence monitoring and coal safety mining in Yuxian mining area.