基本顶断裂形式对倾斜煤层沿空半煤岩巷围岩稳定性影响研究及工程应用

倾斜煤层沿空半煤岩巷由于围岩结构的非对称性和非均质性，受采掘扰动影响，巷道围岩呈现更严重的变形破坏。为揭示不同基本顶断裂形式对倾斜煤层沿空半煤岩巷围岩稳定性的影响规律，采用数值模拟方法针对该类巷道4种基本顶断裂形式下巷道围岩变形特征进行了研究。结果表明:基本顶断裂线位置对该类巷道围岩稳定性的影响程度由小到大依次为:采空区侧、煤柱上方、实体煤侧、巷道上方；基本顶断裂线位于采空区侧时，煤柱轴向、横向应力增速均小于其他情况，垂直位移也最小，煤柱变形在允许范围内，可保持后期对顶板的支承能力，对巷道维护最有利。在此基础上，以贵州某矿1511工作面回风巷为工程背景进行了工业试验，通过理论计算和现场钻孔探测综合分析得出，为避免基本顶断裂线位于煤柱上方靠巷道侧，下一步掘进时煤柱宽度应由3 m改为5 m。掘采期间断面检测结果显示，断面最大收缩率为23.3％，最大非对称变形率为5.2％，巷道整体均匀协调变形，进一步验证了研究成果的可靠性。 

Influence of fracture types of main roof on the stability of surrounding rock of the gob-side coal-rock roadway in inclined coal seams and its engineering application

Due to the asymmetry and heterogeneity of surrounding rock structure, the surrounding rock of the gob-side coal-rock roadway in inclined coal seams presents more serious deformation and failure under the influence of driving and mining. To reveal the influence of different main roof fracture types on the stability of surrounding rock of the gob-side coal-rock roadway in inclined coal seams, the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock under four main roof fracture types of this kind of roadway are studied by numerical simulation. The results show that the influence degree from highest to lowest of the position of the fracture line of main roof on the surrounding rock stability of this kind of roadway is as follows: goaf, coal pillar, coal wall, top of the roadway; when the fracture line of main roof is located at the goaf, the growth rate of axial and transverse stress of the coal pillar is less than that in other cases, the vertical displacement is also the smallest, and the coal pillar deformation is within the allowable range, which can maintain the support capacity of the roof in the later stage and is the most favorable for roadway maintenance. On the basis of this research, the industrial test is carried out with return air roadway of working face 1511 of a mine in Guizhou Province as the engineering background. Through theoretical calculation and comprehensive analysis of on-site borehole detection, it is concluded that for the purpose of avoiding the fracture line of main roof being above the coal pillar and close to the roadway, the coal pillar width should be changed from 3m to 5m in the next excavation. The test results of section during driving and mining show that the maximum shrinkage rate of section is 23.3%, the maximum asymmetric deformation rate, 5.2%, and the overall uniform and coordinated deformation of roadway further verifies the reliability of the research results.