内蒙古某矿矿井水重金属污染特征及来源分析

确定矿井水中重金属污染程度及主要来源，对矿井水的再利用及矿区生态环境保护具有重要的理论意义。以内蒙古某矿区为研究对象，采集地表水、第四系潜水、承压水及矿井水水样49组，检测水体中Zn、Pb、Fe、Mn、As、Cu、Cd、Cr、Hg、Se 10种重金属浓度，分析矿井水中重金属污染特征及超标情况，利用HPI模型定量评价重金属污染程度，并综合数理统计、不同类型水样重金属浓度箱形图及煤/顶板重金属浸出试验，分析矿井水重金属主要来源。结果表明:内蒙古某矿矿井水中Zn、Pb、Fe、Mn、As 5种重金属浓度值超标，其中Fe和Zn的超标率高达100%；7个矿井水样中6个矿井水的HPI值大于临界值100，矿井水重金属污染程度较高；矿井水中的Pb、As主要来源于采煤及运输机械油类物质泄漏，Mn主要来源于Ⅲ含地下水，Fe、Zn主要来源于Ⅲ含地下水及煤层中含Fe、Zn矿物的溶滤。该结论将为矿井水中重金属污染防治提供基础与依据。 

Heavy metal pollution characteristics and source analysis of water drainage from a mine in Inner Mongolia

Heavy metal pollution evaluation and its source analysis are essential to mine water reuse and protection of ecological environment in mining areas. The objective of this paper is to study heavy metal pollution characteristics and source of heavy metal in mine water. A coal mine from Inner Mongolia Province was chosen as the study area and 49 water samples including surface water, quaternary groundwater, confined groundwater and mine water were collected. Primarily, we detected the concentrations of Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn, As, Cu, Cd, Cr, Hg and Se of water samples to explore heavy metal pollution characteristics and excessive situation. And then, HPI(Heavy-metal Pollution Index) model was established to evaluate the degree of mine water heavy metal pollution. At last, mathematical statistics, heavy metal concentration box-plot and heavy metal leaching tests of coal/roof were used to analyze heavy metal source. The results show that the concentration of Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn and As exceeded their standard value. And the exceeding rate of Fe and Zn both reach 100% with the highest over-standard rate. Six of the seven water samples HPI value exceed the critical value of 100. It means mine water heavy metal pollution is serious, generally. The pb and As in mine water is mainly from the leakage of oil substances of coal mining and transportation machinery, while Mn is mainly from aquifer Ⅲ, and Fe and Zn from aquifer Ⅲ, and iron and manganese bearing minerals leaching of coal seam. This conclusion will provide a basis for prevention and treatment of heavy metal pollution in mine water.