四川盆地龙马溪组页岩有机质的纳米孔隙

在南方下古生界海相页岩有机显微组分及其赋存状态研究的基础上，以场发射扫描电镜二维图像所展示的有机质纳米孔隙形貌特征为主要依据，将四川盆地龙马溪组页岩有机质纳米孔隙的成因类型划分为沥青球粒孔、气孔、铸模孔。分别论述了这3种纳米孔隙的成因、形貌、大小、演化、连通性、相互关系及其在页岩储层中的作用。研究表明，龙马溪组页岩的显微组分主要是沥青质体，气孔和沥青球粒孔均发育于沥青质体内部，形成于有机质降解和热演化过程，是页岩气生成、吸附和聚集的有力佐证与优先空间。龙马溪组底部富有机质页岩中，各种有机质纳米孔隙发育程度高，直接体现了强的生气和聚气作用。 

Nano-pores of organic matter in Longmaxi Formation shale in Sichuan basin

Based on the research of organic macerals and their occurrence state in marine shale of southern Lower Paleozoic, according to the characteristics of the nano-pores of organic matter showed by the 2D image of the field emission scanning electron microscopy(SEM), the genetic types of nano-pores of organic matter in Longmaxi Formation shale in Sichuan basin are classified into bituminite spherulite pores, gas pores and mold pores. The cause, morphology, size, evolution, connectivity, interrelationship and their roles in shale reservoirs of these three kinds of nano-pores are discussed respectively. Research shows that the maceral of Longmaxi Formation shale are mainly bituminite. Both bituminite spherulite pores and gas pores are developed in the interior of the bituminite, formed during the degradation of organic matter and thermal evolution, which is a strong evidence and prior space for shale gas formation, adsorption and accumulation. In the organic-rich shales at the bottom of Longmaxi Formation, various nano-pores of organic matter are highly developed, which directly reflect strong gas-forming and gas gathering effects.