陕北能源化工基地采煤生态环境破坏及补偿机制研究

陕北能源化工基地煤炭、石油、天然气、岩盐等矿产资源储量丰富,经过近20a的开发,已初步建成为中国重要的能源接续地和大型煤化工基地。但该区又具有水资源相对短缺、生态环境脆弱的特点,加之近年来煤炭生产和转化等资源开发增长速度较快,采煤造成的区域性环境污染与生态破坏问题较为突出,严重制约着该区的可持续发展。通过探索建立陕北能源化工基地生态补偿机制,解决了煤炭资源开发与生态环境保护的矛盾,使资源得到适度、可持续的开发利用,环境生态得到持续的恢复和改善,从而使该区的经济发展与保护生态环境相协调,最大限度的实现了可持续发展的战略。

Coal Mining Destruction of Ecological Balance and Compensation Mechanism in Northern Shaanxi Energy and Chemical Industry Base

There are abundant mineral resources of coal,oil,natural gas,rock salt etc.in the northern Shaanxi energy and chemical industry base,after about couple of decades exploitation,is preliminary an important energy succeeding and large-scale coal chemical industrial base.But the area has disadvantages of water resource relative shortage,and fragile ecological environment,moreover,rather quick resource exploitation increment speed of coal production and transformation etc,issues of regional environment pollution and ecological destruction are rather conspicuous,thus seriously constrained the area＇s sustainable development.Through exploring and establishing the base＇s ecological compensation mechanism,has solved the conflict between coal resource exploitation and ecological environment protection,made resource moderating,sustainable exploitation and utilization,ecological environment durable resume and improving,thus made the area＇s economic development and ecological environment protection coordinated with each other,realized sustainable development strategy up to the hilt.