神农架大九湖泥炭湿地关键带监测进展

关键带科学是当代地球科学的热点研究领域之一.国际上主要通过关键带监测来促进关键带科学的发展，服务于社会经济发展和生态保护.在我国，关键带研究与监测还处在起步的阶段.神农架大九湖湿地是中纬度地区少见的亚高山泥炭藓湿地，是丹江口水库最大入库河流堵河的源头之一，已被列入国际重要湿地名录，是开展泥炭湿地监测的优良场所.在10多年来系统的古气候与现代过程研究基础上，我们在大九湖部署了较为系统的监测体系，涵盖了关键带的各种要素，特别是生物、水体及温室气体等方面.在监测点的设置上，既考虑了泥炭湿地内部的空间变化，也考虑表层和深部之间的关联，还设置了河流和湖泊对照点.在监测技术上，部分实现了在线高频监测，大部分达到了野外现场测试的要求.本文将对前期的工作进行回顾总结，并对后续的努力方向进行展望.在前期工作的基础上，要逐步完善监测技术和监测设施，并聚焦于泥炭湿地关键带对气候变化(如干旱)的响应，评估气候变化对大九湖泥炭湿地生态功能的影响.加强与国内外同行的合作，在大九湖开展多学科交叉研究.在关键带系统监测的基础上，完善亚高山泥炭湿地关键带的理论认识，并建立合适的泥炭湿地关键带模型，为湿地保护和可持续发展服务. 

Overview on Critical Zone Observatory at Dajiuhu Peatland,Shennongjia

Critical zone science is a novel discipline in earth sciences. International researchers investigate on this discipline mainly through critical zone observatory (CZO), with the aim to develop the framework of this discipline and to serve for economic development and ecological protection. In China, CZO studies have just been initiated. Shenongjia Dajiuhu is a typical subalpine peatland, dominated by Sphagnum, in the middle latitude. This peatland is a head source of Duhe River, which finally drains into the Danjiangkou Reservoir. In 2013, Dajiuhu peatland was listed as a Ramsar Wetlands site. With these merits, Dajiuhu is a perfect place to monitor the peatland dynamics. Based on the over ten years' studies on paleoclimate and modern processes in Dajiuhu, we initialed a CZO monitoring program in Dajiuhu in the early 2014. This program considers all elements in the critical zone, with special attention to organisms, water and greenhouse gases. Monitoring points are established in the peatland and the surrounding lakes and rivers, to explore the relationship among wetlands. Within the peatland, both the surficial and deep processes are monitored. To date, most measurements were completed in the field, to eliminate the influence of sample storage. This paper presents both the progresses of our work and the outlooks for the CZO in Dajiuhu. In the near future, we should pay more attention to improvement of the monitoring techniques and facilities, and focus on responses of the carbon cycle to climate changes especially droughts, and evaluation of the influence of climate change and human activities on the ecosystem function of the subalpine wetland. In addition, collaborations with domestic and international researchers will be strengthened. The final objective is to fulfil the theory for subalpine peatland critical zone, and to build the model of peatland critical zone, and to serve for wetland protection and sustainable development.