广东佛山市高明区三洲盆地岩溶塌陷发育特征与时空分布规律

以佛山市高明区三洲盆地作为研究区，在系统收集区内区域地质、构造、工程、水文、环境、历史灾害等基础上，通过野外走访调查，查明了研究区岩溶塌陷发育特征，并对其时空分布规律进行了分析。结果表明:（1）区内岩溶塌陷规模以小型为主，其平面形态以圆形、似圆形为主，其剖面形态以漏斗状居多，并且剖面形态随覆盖层厚度增大总体呈现由圆柱状—坛状—漏斗状—碟状的变化规律；（2）空间上岩溶塌陷的分布受地层岩性、地质构造、覆盖层厚度及结构、地下水迳流和人类工程活动等影响；（3）时间上人为塌陷的发生主要与采矿活动和钻探施工时间关系密切，而自然塌陷主要发生在每年旱涝交替期间（即3—4月份）。

Characteristics and spatial-temporal distribution law of karst collapse in Sanzhou basin in Gaoming District of Foshan City,Guangdong Province

Sanzhou basin in Gaoming District of Foshan City is selected as the research area. data of regional geology, geological structure, engineering geology, hydrogeology, environmental geology and historical geological disasters in the study area are collected systematically, the characteristics of karst collapse are found out through field investigation. And the spatial-temporal distribution law is analyzed. The results show that: (1)The scale of karst collapse is mainly small, its plane shape features are mainly circular and quasi circular, and its profile shape features are mainly funnel-shaped. With the increase of the overburden thickness, the profile shape features of karst collapse generally change from circular-shape to jar-shape to funnel-shape and then to disc-shape. (2)The spatial distribution of karst collapse is affected by stratum lithology, geological structure, overburden thickness and its structure, groundwater runoff and human engineering activities. (3)The temporal distribution of man-made karst collapse is closely related to mining activity and drilling construction. The temporal distribution of karst collapse induced by nature is mainly during the alternate period of drought and flood (especially from March to April).