基于土地发展权的历史文化遗迹所在地区农地保护策略探究

目前我国历史文化遗迹所在地区开发用地失控的原因,从体制方面讲,乃是由于规制手段不够健全、管理体制不够顺畅、城镇化和旅游经济发展进程的阶段性等问题所致;从微观经济层面而言,还在于农民缺乏保护农地的经济诱因、农地转向开发用地收益更高、相关利益集团的势力影响等因素在起作用,故而农地流转成开发用地不可避免。所以应当借鉴海外土地发展权制度,在历史文化遗迹所在地区内落实土地发展权的补偿机制,对开发用地实行有效的管制。具体来说,应当从法律上明确土地发展权的地位,将农地保护与当地的经济社会发展有机协调起来,推行土地使用管制,建立完善土地发展权交易机制,同时有效控制农地流转为开发用地的隐性交易行为。

The strategy of farmland protection in areas of historical and cultural relic based on land development rights

From a systematic perspective, the reasons for the current uncontrolled development of land in China’s historical y and cultural y relic areas include imperfections in the regulatory framework, problems in the management system, and variations in the phases of urbanization and of tourism economic development. From a microeconomic perspective, the uncontrol ed development is also due to the lack of economic incentives to protect farmland, the higher yield of farmland transferred to development land, and the inlfuence of relevant interest and lobby groups. Given al these pressures, it is inevitable that farmland wil continue to be transferred into land for development. Therefore, we need to learn from systems of land development rights in other countries, establish a compensation mechanism for land development rights, and try to control the development of land in areas of historical and cultural signiifcance. To be speciifc, land development rights should have legal certainty, al ow the protection of farmland in coordination with local economic and social development, enable the regulation of land use, establish a proper trading mechanism of land development rights, as wel as effectively control the excessive transfer of farmland to land for development.