干旱区内陆河流域生态水文综合集成研究

针对干旱区内陆河流域生态环境问题，面对国家重大需求及地球系统科学发展方向，指出内陆河流域生态水文综合集成研究的必要性，旨在为精细管理水资源，提高单方水产出效益（经济效益和生态效益）提供思路。以黑河流域为例，追踪流域研究历程，目前从野外调查试验观测，模型模拟到研究平台建设，黑河流域的数据知识的积累已基本具备开展流域生态水文综合集成的条件，但仍然存在着巨大的挑战。根据存在的问题，提出未来进行集成研究应加强的3个方面：①加强综合观测；②强调人文因素的定量研究和人文过程的研究；③重视模型、模拟方法在描述和反演地理真实中的应用。

An Integrated Study of Ecological and Hydrological Processes in the Inland River Basin of the Arid Regions, China

Based on the ecological problems in the inland river basin of the arid regions, the paper puts forward the significance of conducting integrated approach on ecological and hydrological processes to meet the development direction of earth system science and the state demand. Integrated study of ecological and hydrological processes is baseline of water resources management. It can lay foundation for balancing water for human being and nature. Taking the Heihe river basin for an example, the paper has reviewed the previous study in the basin. Data and knowledge have been accumulated in large quantities from investigation to monitoring, from data assimilation to modeling. They have provided with precondition to carry out Integrated study in the basin. Despite all these, we still face many challenges such as scale transform, applicability of models and coupling human activities into ecological and hydrological processes. For further study, three main study areas in future will be focused on: (1) to reinforce integrative monitoring of ecological and hydrological processes; (2) to improve the knowledge of human dimensions of regional environmental change; (3) to develop models or apply ecological and hydrological models in the basin.