风沙流对植物生长影响的研究

在中国乃至全球，风沙活动都十分频繁，它直接影响着风沙地区植物资源的可持续利用与发展，因此，研究风沙流对植物生长的影响十分必要。以往，相关的研究主要是围绕沙漠逆境的综合条件（如降水、温度、湿度、土壤水分、养分等综合因子）进行的，研究内容涉及植物的生理、生化、物质代谢以及生态适应性等。但国内外就风沙流单因子对植物生理生化影响的研究还没有深入展开，为此，作者利用野外风洞条件，就不同风况下的风沙胁迫对某些植物生长特征的影响进行了实验研究；结果表明：风沙流胁迫可使植物的净光合速率（Pn）、气孔导度（Cs）、叶温（Tl）、叶片水势（Wp）降低，使蒸腾速率（Tr）升高；且风速越大，吹风间隔越短，这些参数变幅越大；风沙流比净风的影响更大。风沙流能降低试验植物的水分利用率，进而增加植物的干燥作用；同时可使脯氨酸含量增加。由于风沙流运动和植物的复杂多样性，因此这个研究领域还有许多问题需要探索。

RESEARCH ON THE EFFECTS OF WIND-SAND CURRENT ON THE PLANT GROWTH

Blown Sand is frequent in China and even the globe, it affects the sustained utilization and development of botanical resource, thus it is essential to study on the effects of the blown sand on plant. In the past time, concerned research mainly comprised plant physiology, substance metabolizing and its adaptability under integrated factor of the desert instead of single wind sand current factor, thus the author study on the effects of the blown sand on the growth characteristics of some plants in different windy condition by the field wind tunnel. The results showed: Wind and wind sand current made net photosynthetic ratio(Pn), stomata conductance(Cs), leaf temperature (Tl),leaf water potential (Lwp) decrease, made transpiration ratio(Tr) rise. The larger the windy velocity was or the shorter the interval of blown sand was, the larger the changes of the above indexes was, and the effects of wind sand current on above indexes were more fiercely than pure wind; wind sand stress made the plants experimented proline acid cumulate; because of decreasing water use efficiency (Wue), wind sand current aggravated desiccation on plants; because of diversity and complexity of plant and blown sand movement, there were many further problems to study about effect of blown sand on plant growth.