磁性示踪在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用进展

示踪技术在土壤侵蚀研究中已得到了较广泛的应用，尤其是利用核素示踪（如137Cs、7Be、210Pb和REE示踪）定量研究土壤侵蚀规律和侵蚀机理方面取得了一系列成果。近几年利用磁性示踪研究土壤侵蚀成为示踪技术在土壤侵蚀研究中应用的一种新思路。目前，在利用环境磁性的时空差异性来研究区域内侵蚀泥沙来源，以沉积物磁性作为流域环境变迁指示剂以及利用磁性参数的变化研究土壤侵蚀等方面已取得一些成果，同时也有人提出利用人工磁性示踪剂来研究土壤侵蚀强度的空间分异规律，定量描述侵蚀方式的演变及侵蚀过程的发生、发展规律，并在野外进行了小区试验。但总体上磁性示踪在土壤侵蚀研究中的应用还相对较少。就磁性示踪在土壤侵蚀研究中应用的理论基础以及目前的研究现状作了简要论述，并分析提出了其研究方向和应用前景。

THE REVIEW OF USING MAGNETIC TRACER TO STUDY SOIL EROSION

Tracing techniques have been widely employed in the investigation of soil erosion. Using ~137Cs, ~7Be, ~210Pb, and REE (Rare Earth Element), quantitative information on soil erosion processes and mechanisms have been obtained. Magnetic has also increasingly been tested in recent years. With measured temporal and spatial variability of natural magnetism, sources of mobilized sediments have been assessed using different parameters. Man-made magnetic tracers were also applied in experimental plot to study the temporal and spatial variability of erosion intensities; observe the evolvement of erosion types and erosion processes. Comparatively speaking, the application of magnetic tracers is still limited and under development. This paper tried to explain the basic theory of using the tracers in erosion study; to review the existing research results; and explore its potentials. The trends for future development and questions have to be solved are also discussed.