半干旱雨养农业区灌浆期模拟酸雨对春小麦叶片光合特性及产量的影响

为探明酸雨对春小麦光合特性及产量的影响,用pH为1.5、2.5、3.5、4.5和5.6的模拟酸雨在春小麦灌浆期对其进行喷淋,然后测定不同pH模拟酸雨处理后春小麦叶片的光合参数与春小麦产量。研究结果表明:①随着酸雨pH的下降,春小麦叶片净光合速率下降了9.61%~61.50%,气孔导度下降了7.03%~57.46%,蒸腾速率下降了3.70%~55.44%,胞间CO2浓度上升了27.91%~43.74%,叶绿素相对含量下降了12.12%~41.92%,产量下降了15.50%~37.05%。酸雨对春小麦叶片光合特性的影响随酸雨的氢离子浓度增大而愈显著。②酸雨pH与净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、叶绿素相对含量及春小麦最终产量均呈极显著正相关,与胞间CO2浓度呈显著负相关。

Stress Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Field-grown Spring Wheat at the Filling Stage in Semi-Arid Rain Feed Region

In order to investigate the effect of acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat,spring wheat at the filling stage was sprayed with simulated acid rain at different pH level of 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.6,and then, the yield and the photosynthetic parameters of spring wheat leaves were monitored. The results indicated：①The net photosynthetic rate reduces in the range of 9.61% to 61.50%, stomatal conductance reduces in the range of 7.03% to 57.46%, transpiration rate reduces in the range of 3.70% to 55.44%, intercellular CO₂ concentration increases in the range of 27.91% to 43.74%,the chlorophyll relative content reduces in the range of 12.12% to 41.92%, the yield of spring wheat reduces in the range of 15.50% to 37.05%. Effect of simulated acid rain on photosynthetic characteristics of spring wheat leaves increases more and more remarkable with the increase of hydrogen ion concentration. ②The pH values of simulated acid rain was significantly positively correlated with net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance,the relative chlorophyll content and the yield, and the pH values of simulated acid rain was significantly negatively correlated with intercellular CO₂ concentration.