试论地球内部流体与地质作用——现代地质科学研究思考

把以地球固体部分作为主要研究对象所建立起来的地质科学称为传统地质科学，它只在该学科研究的起点——沉积地质学和学科研究的最终目的——成矿地质学两个领域不自觉地将地球内部流体放到了重要地位，而在其间的绝大多数研究则忽略了对地球内部流体的讨论，在其原有的知识体系范围内已找不到关于地球内部物质和能量转移、转换等方面所存在的大量问题的解决途径和完整答案。现代地质科学的发展已经开始将地球内部流体作为主要研究对象，并将其贯穿到了所有地质学研究的领域当中。其基本出发点应是：地球内部流体广泛存在，并永不停息地运动着，它与固体地球部分同样重要，是现代地质科学研究的主要对象。它不仅在各种地质作用中起着极其重要的作用, 而且, 它基本上可以认为是一切地质作用的最初根源, 也就是说, 流体作用贯穿于一切地质作用( 包括构造活动、岩浆作用、变质作用、沉积作用、成矿作用、地质自然灾害等) 过程的始终。地球内部一切地质作用又通过地球内部流体有机地统一在一起。可将地球内部流体按其与特定地质作用的关系划分为具包含循环性质的初始流体、过程流体和终结流体三类。针对目前的研究大量地集中在过程流体和终结流体方面的现状, 在体现现代地质科学和传统地质科学本质区别的地质作用初始流体方面进行了系统整理和论述, 并提出了可能成为现代地质科学基础性学科的(地球内部) 流体统一地质学。

PRIMARY DISCUSSION ON EARTH'S INTERIOR FLUIDS AND GEOLOGICAL FUNCTION:THINKS FOR STUDIES OF MODERN GEOSCIENCE

Tradition geoscience, which is established in foundation of studies on solid part of Earth, has not placed the Earth's interior fluids in an important position, except its beginning—sedimentary geology and its end—metallogenetic geology. Explanation methods and integral answers for many important questions, such as transformation, exchange of Earth's substance and energy, can't be found in its knowledge system. Developping modern geoscience have been thinking of Earth's interior fluids as main study object, and playing it in all fields of geoscience. The basic points of modern geoscience may be as fellow: fluids exist widely and move incessantly in all round of the Earth, it is as important as solid part of the Earth, and must be accepted as the main study object of modern geoscience. The Earth's interior fluids not only play an important role in various geological functions, but also can be viewed as a primary reason of all geological functions, that is to say, it penetrate from beginning to ending of all geological functions (such as tectonic movement, magmatic activity, metamorphism, sedimentation, mineralization and geological calamity). All geological functions occured in Earth's interior are united organically by the Earth's interior fluid. Accoding to the relationships between fluid and special geological function, Earth's interiour fluid can be devided into three types with the natures of obtainning-circularing: beginning fluid, process fluid and ending fluid. The role of beginning fluid in a geological event are discussed and a new basic concept of united geological science of Earth's interior fluid is put forward in this paper.