海表层二氧化碳分压之时间序列研究进展

简要总结了海表层二氧化碳分压(pCO2)时间序列的研究方法,重点综述了时间序列研究在确定pCO2控制过程、揭示pCO2年际差异、监测气候事件对pCO2的影响及估算海—气二氧化碳(CO2)通量等方面的研究进展.海表层pCO2时间序列的研究方法大致可以分为2类,一类是基于船舶调查,另一类是基于浮标的CO2自动测定.时间序列研究除了能够定性地记录和追踪一些特殊和偶然的物理和生物过程对pCO2的影响外,还能够定量地给出各种过程对pCO2变化的贡献,这对揭示海洋pCO2的控制机理有着重要意义.年际尺度的时间序列观测表明:人类活动已经造成了海表层pCO2的增加,厄尔尼诺事件和拉尼娜事件对海表层pCO2和海—气CO2通量有明显影响.另外,时间序列研究能够提高海—气CO2通量估算的准确性.

Advances in Sea Surface Partial Pressure of CO2 Time-Series Studies

The method of sea surface partial pressure of CO₂ (pCO₂) time series studies is simply summarized, and the advances in indentifyingpCO₂controlling processes, revealing interannual variability inpCO₂, monitoring the influence of some climatic events onpCO₂, and estimating air sea CO2 fluxes based on time series studies are reviewed in detail. Generally,pCO₂ time-series studies are conducted by ship-based investigation and autonomous buoy CO₂ measurement. Besides some qualitative observation of irregular and episodic events that influencepCO₂, time series study could quantitively calculate separate contribution of various controlling processes topCO₂ variation, which is of importance for revealingpCO₂ controlling mechanisms. Moreover, time-series studies on interannual time-scales show that human activities have caused the increase of sea surface pCO₂. As well, El Nio and La Nina events could significantly influence sea surfacepCO₂ and air-sea CO₂ fluxes. In addition, it is crucial to conduct time-series studies for improving the estimation of air-sea CO₂ fluxes.