五大连池老黑山火山弹和喷发柱动力学模拟

火山喷发是一个气体、液体和固体混合物的复杂的流体动力学过程。正确理解这个过程是研究火山喷发的关键因素。Eject和Plumeria软件可以很好地模拟现实火山喷发过程中火山弹和喷发柱的动力学过程。在详细调查五大连池老黑山地区火山弹、火山碎屑物和整理已有数据的基础上,运用Eject和Plumeria软件对老黑山火山的火山弹和喷发柱进行了动力学模拟。结果表明:老黑山火山喷发的火山弹喷射最大高度为530 m,喷射角度45°时喷射水平距离最远为1 000 m,喷发柱最大高度为4.7 km,喷发柱半径为2.3 km。通过对其喷发规模和火山灰构成比例的探讨,认为老黑山火山喷发属于镁铁质火山小型喷发,对环境的影响范围有限。

Simulation on the Dynamic Process of Volcanic Bombs and Plumes of Laoheishan Volcano in Wudalianchi Area

The volcanic eruption is a complex fluid dynamic process of gas,liquid and solid mixtures.A correct understanding of this process is the key factor to study the volcanic eruption.Eject and Plumeria softwares can be good simulations for dynamic processes of volcanic bombs and plumes during real volcanic eruption.On the basis of detailed investigation of volcanic bombs,volcanic debris and the published data of Laoheishan volcano in Wudalianchi area,this study evaluated dynamic processes of Laoheishan volcanic bombs and plumes using Eject and Plumeria softwares.The results show that the bombs ejected from Laoheishan volcano can reach a maximum height of 530 m and a maximum horizontal distance of 1,000 m when ejection angle is 45°;the maximum height of its volcanic plume is 4.7 km,and the plume head radius is 2.3 km.Through the discussion of the eruption scale and the ratio of volcanic ashes,it can be concluded that Laoheishan volcano is a small mafic eruption,and its effect on the environment is small.