东川铜矿因民矿区非污染型环境地质问题类型分析

矿产资源的开发大多是以牺牲环境为代价换取经济效益,导致矿山环境地质问题日益突出。通过实地调查,首先介绍了云南省东川铜矿因民矿区的地形地貌、气象水文、地质构造与岩性以及土壤植被等地质环境背景,接着概括了该矿区的主要非污染型环境地质问题,重点就矿山非污染型环境地质问题进行了分类探讨。结果表明：地形地貌复杂、旱季大风少雨、处于落因破碎带、地表岩石破碎松散、山体风化剥落强烈等环境地质特点是该矿区地质灾害发生的有利条件;该矿区主要非污染型环境地质问题分为土地荒漠化、水土流失、土地破坏与复垦、滑坡、泥石流、岩体崩塌以及地面塌陷等,其产生原因主要是矿区特殊的地形、地质构造、水文等以及长期矿业活动的共同影响。为防止矿区非污染型环境地质问题继续扩大,提出了治理这些问题的3点建议：认真贯彻执行有关法律法规;加大治理力度,建立健全监督监管机制;加强内部管理等。

Analyzing of Non-pollution Type Enviromental Geology Problem of Yinmin Mine in Dongchuan Cu Deposit

Economic benefits are achieved mostly at the expense of environment in the development of mineral resource,so environmental geological problem in mine is increasingly serious.Through field survey,the background of geologic environment,which includes landform,hydrometeorology,geological structure and lithology and soil cover,was introduced in Yinmin Mine of Dongchuan Cu Deposit,Yunnan Province;non-pollution type of environmental geological problem in the mine was classified and discussed.The result showed that the advantages to cause geological hazard in the mine were complex landform,strong wind and little rain in dry season,Luoyin shuttered zone,broken friable surface rock,strongly weathered mountain,and so on;the main non-pollution type of environmental geological problem in the mine was divided into land desertification,water loss and soil erosion,land destruction and reclamation,landslide,mud-rock flow,rock and surface collapse;the main reason for the problem was the combination of special terrain,geological structure and hydrology of mine and long term mineral exploration and exploitation.Three suggestions,which were seriously administering related law,strengthening environmental management,setting up supervision and auditing mechanisms and strengthening internal management,were put forward to preventing non-pollution type of environmental geological problem in the mine.