烧房沟滑坡型泥石流工程治理及效果分析

国内对泥石流治理措施谷坊坝、格栅坝的作用和效果研究较多,而对滑坡型泥石流的综合治理措施和效果研究较少。2010.8.14强降雨过程导致汶川震区映秀镇烧房沟滑坡型泥石流暴发,通过分析其运动过程和现状沟道特征,结合滑坡堵点和沟道深切的特点,治理工程采用防堵防切综合工程结构形式:上游谷防群+中游抗滑桩、挡土板和肋板护脚护底+下游3座格栅坝+渡槽明洞跨越G213,并分析各分项工程作用:减弱龙头动能+控制LS01堵点、保护鞋尖+拦粗放细、顺畅排导。最后利用2010.8.14与2013.7.10的历史降雨量和固体参与量对比、工程治理前后动储量对比和各分项工程治理前后的沟道特点对比,验证了烧房沟滑坡型泥石流综合治理工程的效果良好。为今后震区滑坡型泥石流工程防治提供参考。

ENGINEERING MEASURES AND THEIR EFFECT FOR MOBILIZATION OF DEBRIS FLOW FROM LANDSLIDES AT SHAOFANGGOU STREAM VALLEY

The function and effect of check dams and griile dams in certain catchments are studied extensively in China. However, there has been comparatively little research oncontrol measures and their effect to mobilization of debris-flow from landslides. A rainstorm induced debris flow hazard occurred on August 14, 2008 in Yingxiu Town of Sichuan Province, where was affected by the Wenchuan earthquake. The paper examines the motion process and the gully characteristics, landslides blocking point, the high depth of cutting, and their combinations. It is discovered that the whole basin comprehensive treatment shall prevent clogging and cutting. In order to control debris flow disaster happening again, check dams can weaken the leading kinetic energy in the upper reaches of the valley. Retaining plate and bed boards can control the landslide blocking point and protect the toecap in the middle reaches of the valley. Grillage damsand aqueduct can intercept the coarse particle and discharge debris flow smoothly. Then the paper compares the accumulated rainfall, solid matter involved in quantity, dynamic energy reserves and the gully characteristics around control measures. After discussing the initiation, the engineering measures for mobilization of debris-flow from landslides at Shaofang stream course has a good result. It provides a reference for engineering measures for debris-flow mobilization from landslides in the earthquake areas.