青海省东部农业区雷电灾害风险评估

利用2005-2013年青海省东部农业区14个县的雷电、雷电灾害、人口数量和生产总值等资料，采用《雷电灾害风险评估技术规范》（DB 50/214-2006）中的雷电灾害易损性风险评估指标，分析了该地的雷电灾害风险及区划，该风险区划对青海省东北农业区防御雷电灾害规划具有很好的参考价值，也是制定科学合理的雷电防护技术路线的重要依据：青海省东部农业区9年间共出现雷电3 801 d，最早出现在3月下旬，最晚结束在11月上旬，雷电出现最多地区为大通县；雷电灾害共出现47次，最早出现在4月，10月份结束，发生最多在6月份，盛夏7月雷电灾害却少，西宁市和湟源县雷电灾害出现最多，湟中县雷电造成的人员伤亡最多，共伤亡11人，大部分在山间劳作的村民和牧民，与青海省东部农业区发生的其它气象灾害相比，雷电灾害最容易造成人员和牲畜伤亡。雷电灾害风险以西宁市为中心，向四周扩散逐渐降低，北部地区相对高于南部地区，西宁市、大通县遭受雷电灾害的可能性程度最大，乐都县虽然近9年没有上报的雷电灾情，但它的雷电灾害风险并不低。

Risk assessment of lightning disaster events in the agricultural areas of eastern Qinghai Province

Based on the data of lightning, lightning disaster events, population and GDP of 14 counties in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai Province from 2005 to 2013, the lightning disaster risk assessment indexes in the technical specification for lightning disaster risk assessment (DB 50/214-2006) were used to analyze the lightning disaster risk and division. The risk regionalization is useful for the lightning protection planning in the northeast agricultural area of the province, and is also an important basis for the scientific and reasonable lightning protection technical route. A total of 3 801 days of thunder and lightning occurred in the eastern agricultural area of Qinghai Province in the 9 years, which first appeared in late March and ended in early November at the latest. Datong County was the area with the highest occurrence of thunder and lightning, where there were 47 lightning disaster events occurred totally, beginning from first in April and ending in the end of October, most in June, and less in July in the middle of summer. Xining City and Huangyuan County suffered the most lightning disasters, and Huangzhong County suffered the most casualties caused by lightning events, with a total of 11 casualties, mostly villagers and herders working in the mountains. Compared with other meteorological disasters in the agricultural areas of eastern Qinghai Province, lightning and lightning disaster events are the most likely to cause human and livestock casualties. The risk of lightning disaster centers on Xining City and gradually decreases; The northern region is relatively higher than the southern region, and Xining City and Datong County are most likely to suffer from lightning disasters; although Ledu County has not reported lightning disaster in the past 9 years, its lightning disaster risk is not low.