祁连山森林覆盖区河川径流组成与时空变化分析

利用祁连山水源林生态系统定位研究站长期（２２ａ）观测资料，对其河川径流组成及时空变化分析表明，祁连山河川径流一个水文年可划分为枯水径流期，雪融水径流期和洪水径流雨３个时期。发源于祁连山高海拔森林覆盖区的河流均有混合补给型河流，水源补给主要有地下径流，雪融水径流，降水径流（地表径流，表层潜流，壤中流）和冰川融水径流，径流组成受水源补给影响，径流分配降受降水影响外还受到高山冰川，积雪和森林的影响，同时

Analysis of the Runoff Components in the Forestry Areas of the QilianMountains and Their Temporal and Spatial Variation

There is a station in the QilianMountains for studying the forestry ecosystemfor water conservation. Analysis of 22 -year observation shows that three periods can be distinguished for a hydrological year, i.e., low water,snow melting and flood periods. There are manysupplies for the rivers in the forestry areas of theQilian Mountains. They are ground water, snowmeltwater, glacier meltwater and direct precipitation (direct flow, subsurface flow and submergedflow), which govern the runoff components.Runoff distribution depends on alpine glaciers,snow cover and forest coverage, in addition toprecipitation. Therefore, enhancing the conservation of glaciers and forestry in the Qilian Mountains is an important measure of water resourcesguarantee and sustainable development.