岩石内孔隙/裂隙冻胀力模型及其适用性评价

开展含缺陷空间(孔隙、裂隙)岩体内部冻胀力发生机制及演化规律分析，是岩体冻胀损伤、断裂评价研究的基础。孔隙、裂隙冻胀损伤发生空间尺度存在显著差异，其冻胀损伤机制及冻胀力演化分析也不尽相同，可将孔隙介质冻胀损伤理论归纳为四类：①基于水冰相变体胀的冻胀损伤模型，包括体积膨胀理论、静水压理论等；②基于水热迁移的冻胀损伤理论，包括分凝冰理论、全过程冻胀理论等；③基于孔隙水相变热力学平衡分析的损伤理论，包括毛细管理论、结晶压理论等；④孔隙介质力学理论。裂隙介质冻胀损伤一般认为发生在宏观空间尺度上，着重关注裂隙的冻胀扩展过程。其损伤理论可分为体积膨胀理论（包括水压致裂理论）和分凝冰理论，而裂隙介质冻胀损伤对微观过程（如未冻水迁移、岩/冰界面受力特性等）关注度有待深入。藉此分别讨论上述冻胀损伤理论原理、适用条件及局限性，并对不同缺陷形态（孔隙、裂隙）引起的冻胀力演化机制差异性进行简要分析。

Evaluation of frost heave force models of rock with pore/fissure and their applicability

Frost damage of porous and fissured rocks occur with various spatial scales, and the underlying frost damage mechanisms are discrepant. The existing frost damage theories of porous medium can be classified into four categories: ① These theories are regarded as the 9% volumetric expansion of water over freezing; ② These theories are built on the basis of unfrozen water migration towards the freezing front; ③ These theories are assumed the freezing of pore water being at the thermodynamics equilibrium state, including the capillary theory and the crystallization pressure theory; ④ these theories are adopted the pore-mechanics method to elucidate frost damage mechanisms. The frost damage of fissured rocks arises mainly at macro-scale, the current theories mainly include the volumetric expansion theory and the ice segregation theory, which are paying more attentions on the fissure propagation rather than some key processes at micro-scale such as unfrozen water migration and stress state on ice/rock interfaces. Then, the underlying mechanisms, the application conditions and the disadvantages of these frost damage theories are discussed. The differences between the frost damage evolution patterns of the two defect morphologies (pore and fissure) are also investigated.