塔里木盆地库车河及柯坪地质

库车河剖面是塔里木盆地中─新生界典型地质剖面，三叠系─第三系出露齐全，显示清楚，参观者可看到湿润气候环境下形成的三叠系─侏罗系陆相合煤─生油碎屑岩建造，有独具特征的煤层自燃形成的烧变岩，有30余米厚的油页岩；柯坪剖面是塔里木古生代克拉通边缘场陷盆地的典型代表，出露了完整的震旦系─二叠系海相沉积层序，深海─浅海─潮坪等沉积特征明显，沉积构造，古生物门类繁多，可见到代表半深海环境的寒武系底部的磷矿层、寒武系─奥陶系灰岩中的晶洞油苗、志留系中的沥青砂岩。

GEOLOGY OF THE KUQA RIVER AND KALPIN,TARIM BASIN

With well-exposed and continuous outcrops,the Kuqa river section is the claasic Mesozoic-Cenozoic section of the Tarim Basin,ranging from Triassic to Tertiary in age. Participants can get a good view ofthe Triassic-Jurassic continental coal-bearing clastic source rock formations formed in humid climate environments,the Cretaceous-Tertiary continental gypseous and halite-bearing formations formed in arid climate environments,the characteristic fritted rock formed by auto-combustion of coal beds,and the oil shale over 30 mthick. The Kalpin section is one representing the deposits of Palaeozoic craton marginal depression basin. Thecomplete marine sedimentary sequence with clearly sedimentary structures and abundant fossils from the Sinian to Permian are well exposed. Along the section,the bathyal facies phosphorite-bearing beds in the basalCambrian,oil indications in miarolitic cavities of the Cambrian-Ordovician,and asphalt sand in the Siluriancan be examined.